Vocab a- through dys-

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102 Terms

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a-, an-

Absence, lack of

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ab-

departing from, away from (abnormal), departing from normal

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acou-

hearing (acoustic)

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ac-, acro-

extreme or extremity (acrodermatitis)

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ad-

to, toward (adorbital)

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aden-

gland

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adren-

toward the kidney (adrenal gland)

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aero-

air (aerobic respiration)

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af-

toward (afferent neurons, which carry impulses to the central nervous system)

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agon-

contest (agonistic and antagonistic muscles, which oppose each other)

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alb-

white (albino)

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aliment-

nourish (alimentary canal, or digestive tract)

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allel-

of one another (alleles, alternative expressions of a gene)

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amphi-

on both sides of (amphibian)

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ana-

apart, up, again (anaphase of mitosis when chromosomes separate)

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anastomos-

come together (arteriovenous anastomosis, a connection between an artery and a vein)

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aneurysm

a widening (aortic aneurysm, a weak spot that causes enlargement of the blood vessel)

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angi-

vessel (angiitis, inflammation of a lymph vessel or blood vessel)

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angin-

choked (angina pectoris, a choked feeling in the chest due to dysfunction of the heart)

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ant-, anti-

opposed to, preventing, inhibiting (anticoagulant, a substance that prevents blood coagulation)

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ante-

preceding; before (antecubital, in front of the elbow)

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aort-

great artery (aorta)

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ap-, api-

tip (extremity apex of the heart)

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append-

hang to (appendicular skeleton)

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aqua-, aque-

water (aqueous solutions)

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arbor-

tree (arbor vitae of the cerebellum, the treelike pattern of white matter)

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areola-

open space (areolar connective tissue, a loose connective tissue)

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arrect-

upright (arrector pili muscles of the skin, which make the hairs stand erect)

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arthr-, arthro-

joint (arthropathy, any joint disease)

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artic-

joint (articular surfaces of bones, the points of connection)

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atri-

vestibule (atria, upper chambers of the heart)

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auscult-

listen (auscultatory method for measuring blood pressure)

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aut-, auto-

self (autogenous, self-generated)

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ax-, axi-, axo

axis (axle axial skeleton, axis of vertebral column)

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azyg-

unpaired (azygous vein, an unpaired vessel)

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baro-

pressure (baroreceptors for monitoring blood pressure)

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basal

base (basal lamina of epithelial basement membrane)

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bi-

two

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bili-

bile (bilirubin, a bile pigment)

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bio-

life (biology)

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blast-

bud, germ (blastocyte, undifferentiated embryonic cell)

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brachi-

arm (brachial plexus of peripheral nervous system supplies the arm

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brady-

slow (bradycardia, slow heart rate)

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brev-

short (fibularis brevis, a short leg muscle)

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broncho-

bronchus (bronchospasm, spasmodic contraction of bronchial muscle)

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bucco-

cheek (buccolabial, pertaining to the cheek and lip)

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calor-

heat (calories, a measure of energy)

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capill-

hair (blood and lymph capillaries)

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caput-

head (decapitate, remove the head)

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carcin-

cancer (carcinogen, a cancer-causing agent)

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cardi-, cardio-

heart (cardiotoxic, harmful to the heart)

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carneo-

flesh (trabeculae carneae, ridges of muscle in the ventricles of the heart)

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carot-

carrot, (2) stupor (1) carotene, an orange pigment, (2) carotid arteries in the neck, blockage of which causes fainting

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cata-

down (catabolism, chemical breakdown)

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caud-

tail (caudal)

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cec-

blind (cecum of large intestine, a blind-ended pouch)

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cele-

abdominal (celiac artery, in the abdomen)

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cephal-

head (cephalometer, an instrument for measuring the head)

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cerebro-

brain, especially the cerebrum (cerebrospinal, pertaining to the brain and spinal cord)

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cervic-, cervix-

neck (cervix of the uterus)

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chiasm-

crossing (optic chiasma, where optic nerves cross)

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chole-

bile (cholesterol, cholecystokinin, a bile-secreting hormone)

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chondr-

cartilage (chondrogenic, giving rise to cartilage)

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chrom-

colored (chromosome, so named because they stain darkly)

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cili-

small hair (ciliated epithelium)

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circum-

around (circumference)

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clavic-

key (clavicle, a "skeleton key")

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co-, con-

together (concentric, common center, together in the center)

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coccy-

cuckoo (coccyx, which is beak-shaped)

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cochlea-

snail shell (the cochlea of the inner ear, which is coiled like a snail shell)

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coel-

hollow (coelom, the ventral body cavity)

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commis-

united (gray commissure of the spinal cord connects the two columns of gray matter)

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concha-

shell (nasal conchae, coiled shelves of bone in the nasal cavity)

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contra-

against, opposite (contraception)

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corn-, cornu-

horn (stratum corneum, outer layer of the skin composed of horny cells)

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corona-

crown (coronal suture of the skull)

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corp-

body (corpse)

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cort-

bark (cortex, the outer layer of the brain, kidney, adrenal glands, and lymph nodes)

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cost-

rib (intercostal, between the ribs)

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crani-

skull (craniotomy, a skull operation)

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crypt-

hidden (cryptomenorrhea, a condition in which menstrual symptoms are experienced but no external loss of blood occurs)

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cusp-

pointed (bicuspid and tricuspid, valves of the heart)

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cutic-

skin (cuticle of the nail)

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cyan-

blue (cyanosis, blue color of the skin due to lack of oxygen)

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cyst-

sac, bladder (cystitis, inflammation of the urinary bladder)

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cyt-

cell (cytology, the study of cells)

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de-

undoing, reversal, loss, removal (deactivation, becoming inactive)

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decid-

falling off (deciduous (milk) teeth)

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delta

triangular (deltoid muscle, roughly triangular shape)

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den-, dent-

tooth (dentin of the tooth)

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dendr-

tree, branch (dendrites, branches of a neuron)

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derm-

Skin (dermis)

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desm-

bond (desmosome, which binds adjacent epithelial cells)

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di

twice, double (dimorphism, having two forms)

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dia-

through, between (diaphragm, the wall between the two areas)

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dialys-

separate, break apart (kidney dialysis, in which waste products are removed from the blood)

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diastol-

stand apart (cardiac diastole, between successive contractions of the heart)

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diure-

urinate (diuretic, a drug that increases urine output)

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dors-

the back (dorsal, dorsum, dorsiflexion)

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duc-, duct-

to lead, to draw (conduction, ductile)