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aden/o
gland
all/o
other
anis/o
unequal
calc/o
lime, calcium
coagul/o
clots, to clot
cyt/o
cell
erythr/o
red
fibr/o
fiber, fibrous tissue
fibrin/o
fiber
fus/o
to pour
globul/o
globe
glyc/o
sweet, sugar
granul/o
little grain, granular
hem/o
blood
hemat/o
blood
immun/o
immunity
leuk/o
white
lipid/o
fat
lymph/o
lymph
macr/o
large
phag/o
eat, engulf
plasm/o
plasma
reticul/o
net
septic/o
putrefying
sider/o
iron
splen/o
spleen
thromb/o
clot
thym/o
thymus
tonsill/o
tonsil
vas/o
vessel
vascul/o
small vessel
agglutinat
clumping
creatin
creatine
log
study
nucle
kernel, nucleus
plast
developing
poiet
formation
thalass
sea
acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)
A disease caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), which is transmitted through sexual contact, exposure to infected blood or blood components, and perinatally from mother to newborn.
agglutination
Process of clumping together, as of blood cells that are incompatible.
albumin
One of a group of simple proteins found in blood plasma and serum.
allergy
An individual hypersensitivity to a substance that is usually harmless.
anaphylaxis
Unusual or exaggerated allergic reaction to foreign proteins or other substances. It can occur suddenly, be life-threatening, and affect the whole body.
anemia
Condition in which there is a reduction in the number of circulating red blood cells, the amount of hemoglobin, or the volume of packed red cells (hematocrit).
anisocytosis
Condition in which the erythrocytes are unequal in size and shape.
antibody
Protein substance produced in the body in response to an invading foreign substance (antigen).
anticoagulant
A substance that works against the formation of blood clots; a class of medication used in certain patients to prevent blood from clotting.
antigen
Invading foreign substance that induces the formation of antibodies.
autoimmune disease
Condition in which the body’s immune system becomes defective and produces antibodies against itself.
autotransfusion
Process of infusing a patient’s own blood.
coagulable
Capable of forming a clot.
corpuscle
Blood cell.
creatinemia
Excess of creatine (nitrogenous compound produced by metabolic processes) in the blood.
embolus
Particle or mass (most likely a blood clot) that travels through the bloodstream. It can lodge in a blood vessel, producing blockage and causing organ damage.
erythroblast
Immature red blood cell that is found only in bone marrow and still contains a nucleus.
erythrocyte
Mature red blood cell, which does not contain a nucleus.
erythrocytosis
Abnormal condition in which there is an increase in production of red blood cells.
erythropoiesis
Formation of red blood cells.
erythropoietin
Hormone that stimulates the production of red blood cells.
extravasation
Process by which fluids and/or intravenous (IV) medications can escape from the blood vessel into surrounding tissue.
fibrin
Insoluble protein formed from fibrinogen by the action of thrombin in the blood-clotting process.
fibrinogen
Blood protein converted to fibrin by the action of thrombin in the blood-clotting process.
globulin
Plasma protein found in body fluids and cells.
granulocyte
Granular leukocyte (white blood cell containing granules); a polymorphonuclear white blood cell (includes neutrophils, eosinophils, or basophils).
hematologist
Literally means one who specializes in the study of the blood.
hematology
Literally means study of the blood.
hematoma
Collection of blood that has escaped from a blood vessel into the surrounding tissues; results from trauma or incomplete hemostasis after surgery.
hemochromatosis
Genetic condition in which iron is not metabolized properly and accumulates in body tissues.
hemoglobin (Hb, Hgb, HGB)
A protein inside red blood cells that carries oxygen from the lungs to tissues and organs in the body and carries carbon dioxide back to the lungs.
hemolysis
Destruction of red blood cells.
hemophilia
Hereditary blood condition characterized by prolonged coagulation and tendency to bleed.
hemorrhage
Literally means bursting forth of blood; bleeding.
hemostasis
Control or stopping of bleeding.
heparin
A natural substance found in the liver, lungs, and other body tissues that inhibits blood clotting (anticoagulant).
hypercalcemia
A pathological condition of excessive amounts of calcium in the blood.
hyperglycemia
Pathological condition of excessive amounts of sugar in the blood.
hyperlipidemia
Pathological condition of excessive amounts of lipids (fat) in the blood.
hypoglycemia
Condition of deficient amounts of sugar in the blood; low blood sugar.
hypoxia
Deficient amount of oxygen in the blood, cells, and tissues.
immunoglobulin (Ig)
Blood protein capable of acting as an antibody.
Kaposi sarcoma (KS)
Malignant neoplasm that causes violaceous (violet-colored) vascular lesions and general lymphadenopathy (diseased lymph nodes).
leukapheresis
Separation of white blood cells from the blood, which is then transfused back into the patient.
leukemia
Cancer of the white blood cells. The bone marrow produces abnormal white blood cells and these cells crowd out healthy blood cells, making it difficult for blood to do its work.
leukocytopenia
Abnormal decrease of white blood cells, literally means lack of white blood cells.