BIOS214 Old Exams 4

Which of the following vessels are in the interventricular sulcus?

a. The right and left semilunar arteries

b. The marginal artery and circumflex artery

c. The superior and inferior vena cava

d. The great and middle cardiac veins

e. The anterior and posterior interventricular arteries

d

Which of the following structures serves to store sperm?

a. Seminal vesicles

b. Spermatic cord

c. Seminiferous tubules

d. Prostate gland

e. Epididymis

e

Which of the following is a remnant of fetal circulation?

a. Foramen ovale

b. Ductus venosus

c. Aortic sac

d. Ductus arteriosus

e. Ligamentum venosum

e

The trigone is a triangular region of

a. The hilum

b. The prostatic urethra

c. The urinary bladder

d. The renal cortex

e. A renal pyramid

c

The constricted part of the uterus that protrudes into the vagina is called the

a. Body

b. Vestibule

c. Fundus

d. Internal os

e. Cervix

e

The coronary arteries arise from

a. The interventricular arteries

b. The myocardium

c. The coronary sulcus

d. The venae cava

e. The proximal end of the aorta

e

Which glands open into the lower vagina and provide most of the lubrication for

intercourse?

a. Endometrial glands

b. Greater vestibular glands

c. Areolar glands

d. Prostate glands

e. Paraurethral glands

b

Which structure caps the head of a mature sperm and enables the sperm to penetrate an

egg?

a. Mitochondria

b. Flagellum

c. Acrosome

d. Nucleus

e. Axoneme

c

What structure reabsorbs the most glomerular filtrate?

a. Distal convoluted tubule

b. Proximal convoluted tubule

c. Nephron loop

d. Glomerulus

e. Collecting duct

b

Why do elderly men often have difficulty voiding urine?

a. Renal calculi

b. Weakened urethral sphincters

c. Prostatic hyperplasia

d. Prostate cancer

e. Reduction in number of functional nephrons

c

If we follow the ureter into the kidney, we find that the first structure to arise from it is

a. The renal pyramids

b. The major calices

c. The minor calices

d. The renal sinus

e. The renal pelvis

e

The role of the pampiniform plexus is to

a. Serve as a sensory receptor for the penis

b. Produce testosterone

c. Act as a countercurrent heat exchanger

d. Supply nutrition to the developing sperm

e. Convert spermatids to spermatozoa

c

What is the pampiniform plexus?

a. A network of veins that helps cool the blood to the penis

b. A network of veins that helps cool the blood to the scrotum

c. A network of blood vessels that supplies the uterus

d. A network of blood vessels that supplies the ovaries

e. A network of blood vessels that facilitates maternal and fetal exchange

b

What structures pull on the chordae tendinae and hold them taut during ventricular

contraction?

a. Fibers in the bundle of His

b. Pectinate muscles

c. Papillary muscles

d. Trabeculae carnae

e. Coronary ropes

c

What hormone regulates water permeability in the collecting duct?

a. Antidiuretic hormone

b. Renin

c. Erythropoietin

d. Aldosterone

e. Atrial natriuretic peptide

a

What cells produce testosterone?

a. Sustentacular cells

b. Seminiferous cells

c. Interstitial cells

d. Spermatogonia

e. Cumulus cells

c

The first step leading to angiotensin 2 production is the secretion of ____ by the kidneys.

a. Renin

b. Angiotensin converting enzyme

c. Calcitriol

d. Angiotensin 1

e. Angiotensinogen

a

If the chordae tendinae of an animal's heart were cut, the most likely effect would be

a. Fibrillation

b. Myocardial infarction

c. Valvular prolapse

d. Valvular stenosis

e. Heart block

c

The hepatic portal vein receives blood from all of the following except

a. The superior mesenteric vein

b. The gastroepiploic veins

c. The hepatic veins

d. The splenic vein

e. The pancreatic vein

c

All of these are blood vessels found in the kidney except

a. Arcuate arteries

b. Interlobular veins

c. Interlobar arteries

d. Segmental veins

e. Interlobular arteries

d

An erectile tissue present in the penis but absent from the clitoris is

a. The corpus cavernosum

b. The corpus luteum

c. The tunica albuginea

d. The corpus spongiosum

e. The corpus albieans

d

What structure covers both the ovary and testes?

a. Broad ligament

b. Vaginal coxa

c. Tunica albuginea

d. Tunica intima

e. Parietal peritoneum

c

The QRS wave represents

a. The contraction of the atrium

b. The depolarization of the atrium

c. The depolarization of the ventricle

d. The contraction of the ventricle

c

And individual whose EKG frequently shows more than one P wave per QRS wave is

showing symptoms of

a. A second degree block

b. A third degree block

c. A fourth degree block

d. A first degree block

a

Which blood vessels does not bring blood directly to the heart?

a. Coronary sinus

b. Superior vena cava

c. Inferior vena cava

d. Great cardiac vein

e. Pulmonary veins

d

A drop of blood returning form the big toe would enter the heart through what vessel?

a. Azygous vein

b. Coronary sinus

c. Pulmonary veins

d. SVC

e. IVC

e

After suffering a myocardial infarction Joe noticed that his heart rate was slower than

before his illness. His doctor informed him that just his Sino-atrial node had been

damaged and that another structure had taken over the regulation of his heart beat. While

this could have been one of the many, it was most likely the

a. Left bundle branch

b. Atria-ventricular node

c. Purkinje fibers

d. Right bundle branch

e. Bundle of His

b

Where is the thickest part of the myocardium?

a. The walls of the left ventricle

b. The interventricular septum

c. The walls of the left atrium

d. The walls of the right atrium

e. The walls of the right ventricle

a

The renal pelvis fills much of the renal

a. Calices

b. Cortex

c. Medulla

d. Sinus

e. Pyramid

d

The three regions of the male urethra are

a. The prostatic, bulbar, and penile

b. The vesicular, membranous, and penile

c. The prostatic, membranous, and penile

d. The prostatic, vesicular, and penile

e. The vesicular, bulbar, and penile

c

The kidneys do not

a. Have a role in erythrocyte production

b. Regulate blood pressure

c. Secret hormones that stimulate thirst

d. Regulate the pH of the body fluids

e. Play a role in production of vitamin D

c

Immediately after the arcuate artery, blood flows into

a. The interlobular arteries

b. The afferent arterioles

c. The peritubular capillaries

d. The renal arteries

e. The Interlobar arteries

a

Which of these is not part of the renal corpuscle

a. Fenestrations

b. Glomerular capillaries

c. Afferent arteriole

d. Glomerular capsule

e. Pedicels

c

Tubular fluid is called urine by the end of the

a. Distal convoluted tubule

b. Glomerulus

c. Proximal convoluted tubule

d. Nephron loop

e. Collecting duct

e

Each kidney has more than one million functional units called ____

a. Major calices

b. Collecting ducts

c. Minor calices

d. Renal pyramids

e. Nephrons

e

Podocytes are cells located in the

a. Distal convoluted tubule

b. Collecting duct

c. Ascending loop of Henle

d. Renal corpuscle

e. Proximal convoluted tubule

d

What is the pacemaker that sets the rate of the heart beat?

a. Purkinje fibers

b. The bundle of His

c. The AV node

d. The vagus nerve

e. The SA node

e

Which vessel supplies blood to both ventricles and the anterior interventricular septum?

a. The anterior interventricular branch

b. The circumflex branch

c. The posterior interventricular branch

d. The right coronary artery

e. The right marginal branch

a

What is the structure that conveys urine from the kidney to the bladder?

a. Renal pelvis

b. Collecting duct

c. Ureter

d. Mesospheric duct

e. Urethra

c

The circumflex and the marginal arteries are part of the

a. Coronary circulation

b. Circle of Willis

c. Systemic circulation

d. Pulmonary circulation

e. Hepatic-portal system

a

What is found in the ovarian cortex?

a. The broad ligament

b. The round ligament

c. Ovarian follicles and connective tissue

d. Ovarian follicles and connective tissue, the broad ligament, and the round

ligament

e. Only fibrous connective tissue and vessels

c

An anatomical arrangement that reduces the risk of myocardial infarctions is

a. The desmosomes of the intercalated discs

b. Circumflex arteries

c. Arterial anastomoses in the coronary circulation

d. A double circulation

e. Gap junctions in the myocardium

c

The S2 sound represents

a. The closure of the semilunar valves

b. The contraction of the atrium

c. The closure of the AV valve

d. The contraction of the ventricle

a

The most abundant nitrogenous waste of the blood is

a. Amino acids

b. Urea

c. Ammonia

d. Uric acid

e. Creatine

b

Starting in the abdominal cavity and progressing dorsally, you would have to cut through

the ____, in this order to expose the kidney

a. Adipose capsule, peritoneum, renal fascia, and renal capsule

b. Peritoneum, adipose capsule, renal capsule, and renal fascia

c. Peritoneum, renal fascia, adipose capsule, and renal capsule

d. Renal fascia, peritoneum, adipose capsule, and renal capsule

e. Peritoneum, renal capsule, renal fascia, and adipose capsule

c

Where do the renal arteries and veins enter and exit from the kidney?

a. Hilum

b. Mediastinum

c. Renal capsule

d. Renal pelvis

e. Renal sinus

a

Where are the semilunar valves?

a. Between the great veins and the atria

b. Between the pulmonary veins and the left atrium

c. Between the ventricles and the great arteries

d. Only between the right ventricle and the pulmonary trunk

e. Between the atria and the ventricles

c

The anterior and posterior communicating arteries are found in

a. The circle of Willis

b. The branches of the celiac trunk

c. The azygos-hemizygous system

d. The neck

e. The forearm

a

Through which of the following does blood return to the heart from the lungs?

a. Pulmonary veins

b. Superior vena cava

c. Coronary sinus

d. Pulmonary arteries

e. Inferior vena cava

a

Spermatogenesis and oogenesis are the only processes in the body where ____ occurs.

a. Replication

b. Mitosis

c. Meiosis

d. Mutation

c

Which of these is not below the knee?

a. The medial plantar artery

b. The anterior tibial vein

c. The obturator artery

d. The small saphenous vein

e. The dorsalis pedis artery

c

Blood in the systematic circulation travels from the ____, then through the arteries,

capillaries, and veins, to the ____.

a. Left ventricle, right atrium

b. Left atrium, right ventricle

c. Left atrium, right atrium

d. Right ventricle, left atrium

a

The corpus luteum:

a. Develops prior to ovulation

b. Gives rise to an ovum during each menstrual cycle

c. Develops form a corpus albieans

d. None of the above

d

A nephron consists of two portions

a. Glomerulus and glomerular capsule

b. Renal corpuscle and renal tubule

c. Glomerulus and collecting duct

d. Proximal and distal convoluted tubules

b

Which of the following structures is not a portion of a nephron?

a. Proximal convoluted tubule

b. Distal convoluted tubule

c. Loop of Henle

d. Vasa recta

d

A thrombus (blood clot) formed in the knee during knee surgery has the potential to

travel to the lung causing a pulmonary embolism (PE) via which of the following

circulatory route?

a. Popliteal vein; common iliac vein; external iliac vein; internal iliac vein

b. Popliteal vein, anterior tibial vein; dorsalis pedal vein

c. Popliteal vein; femoral vein; SVC; aorta

d. Popliteal vein; common iliac vein; IVC; pulmonary trunk

d

The internal urethral sphincter is derived from circular smooth muscles. The external

urethral sphincter is derived from voluntary skeletal muscle

a. The first statement is true; the second is false

b. The second is true; the first is false

c. Both are true

d. Both are false

c

The renal pelvis fills much of the renal

a. Sinus

b. Pyramid

c. Medulla

d. Calices

e. Cortex

a

The blood-testis barrier

a. Protects sperm antigens from exposure to the cells of the immune system

b. Consists of tight junctions between interstitial cells of Leydig

c. Is the basement membrane of the seminiferous tubules

d. All of the above

a

Which structure would not be a component of the spermatic cord?

a. Ductus deferens

b. Cremaster muscle

c. Pampiniform plexus

d. Bulbourethral gland

d

A prostatic tumor is most likely to interfere with:

a. Spermatogenesis

b. Erection

c. Urination

d. Spermiogenesis

c

The superior curvature of the uterus is called the

a. Infundibulum

b. Fundus

c. Body

d. Isthmus

e. Corpus

b

Which of the following pairs of the terms is most closely matched?

a. Germinal epithelium; spermatic cord

b. Tunica vaginalis; testes

c. Tunica albuginea; uterus

d. Corpus luteum; penis

b

There are four sets of valves in the heart: what is the correct order in which blood flows

through these valves, starting in the right atrium?

1) bicuspid

2) tricuspid

3) pulmonary

semilunar

4) aortic semilunar

a. 1,4,2,3

b. 2,4,1,3

c. 1,3,2,4

d. 2,3,1,4

d

Blindness or other visual disturbances will arise following a blockage of the posterior

cerebral arteries. These arteries branch directly from:

a. External carotid arteries

b. Internal carotid arteries

c. Vertebral arteries

d. Basilar artery

d

The second half of the menstrual cycle is regulated largely by

a. The corpus albieans

b. The placenta

c. The chloasma

d. The corpus luteum

e. The corpus spongiosum

d

The vessel can be identified inferior to the left atrium and superior to the left ventricle

traveling in the posterior coronary sulcus. It is the

a. Middle cardiac vein

b. Right coronary artery

c. Anterior interventricular artery

d. Coronary sinus

d

Which of the following do/does not provide blood for the cerebral arterial circle?

a. Basilar artery

b. External carotid arteries

c. Vertebral arteries

d. Internal carotid arteries

b

Which condition of the heart is most likely to contribute to pulmonary hypertension

(increased blood pressure in the pulmonary circuit)?

a. Mitral valve stenosis (narrowing)

b. Patent (open) ductus arteriosus

c. Increased number of trabeculae carnae

d. Tricuspid valve stenosis

a

The blood vessels in the renal medulla that run alongside the loops of the juxtamedullary

nephrons are

a. Henle's vessels

b. The vasa recta

c. The arcuate arteries

d. The peritubular capillaries

e. The vasa efferentia

b

What is the correct route that drop of blood would follow as it flows through the

following vessels?

1) IVC

2) thoracic aorta

3) renal artery

4) abdominal aorta

5) renal

vein

a. 2,3,5,4,1

b. 2,4,3,5,1

c. 2,3,4,5,1

d. 1,3,5,4,2

b

The shortest portion of the male urethra is the ___.

a. Spongy urethra

b. Penile urethra

c. Membranous urethra

d. Prostatic urethra

c

Three layers of tissue surround each kidney. They are, in order from innermostoutermost:

1) renal capsule

2) visceral peritoneum (serosa)

3) adipose capsule

4) renal

fascia

a. 1,3,2

b. 1,3,4

c. 2,3,4

d. 4,3,1

b

Meiosis results in

a. Four new cells with 46 chromosomes each

b. Two new cells with 23 chromosomes each

c. Two new cells with 46 chromosomes each

d. Four new cells with 23 chromosomes each

d

Which gland produces most of the semen?

a. The seminal vesicles

b. The prostate gland

c. The bulbourethral gland

d. The areolar glands

e. The vestibular gland

a

Which of the following pairs of terms is most closely matched?

a. Tricuspid valve; deoxygenated blood

b. Pulmonary semilunar valve; deoxygenated blood

c. Bicuspid valve; oxygenated blood

d. All of the above pairs are correctly matched

d

The female birth control barrier, the diaphragm, is meant to fit in the fornix. Where is the

fornix located?

a. Surrounding the opening of the cervix

b. At the hymen in the vulva

c. In the vestibule

d. In the endometrium of the uterus

a

The gastric, pancreatic, and splenic veins are part of the

a. Hepatic portal circulation

b. Pulmonary circulation

c. Systematic circulation

d. Fetal circulation only

a

Desmosomes and communicating junctions are found in

a. Endocardium

b. Chordae tendinae

c. Epicardium

d. Intercalated discs

d

The urinary bladder is directly posterior to the pubic symphysis in males. In females, the

urinary bladder is posterior to the vagina.

a. The second is true; the first is false

b. Both statements are false

c. Both statements are true

d. The first statement is true; the second is false

d

Which of the following are branches of the left coronary artery? 1) marginal branch

2) circumflex branch

3) anterior interventricular branch

4) posterior interventricular branch

a. 2,4

b. 1,2,3

c. 2,3

d. 1,3

c

The coronary arteries arise from

a. The vena cava

b. The interventricular arteries

c. The proximal end of the aorta

d. The coronary sulcus

e. The myocardium

c

The branches of the arch of the aorta, in correct order, are:

a. Left subclavian, left common carotid, brachiocephalic trunk

b. Left common carotid, brachiocephalic trunk, left subclavian

c. Brachiocephalic trunk, left subclavian, left common carotid

d. Brachiocephalic trunk, left common carotid, left subclavian

d

Place the following ducts in the correct order, from the site of sperm production to the

point of exit from the body

i. Ductus (vas) deferens

ii. Straight tubules

iii. Prostatic urethra

iv. Ductus epididymis

v. Ejaculatory duct

vi. Efferent ducts

vii. Spongy urethra

viii. Rete testis

ix. Membranous urethra

a. 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9

b. 5,6,2,8,4,1,9,3,7

c. 2,8,6,4,1,5,3,9,7

d. 6,8,2,4,1,3,5,9,7

e. 6,1,8,2,4,3,5,7,9

c

85. The dartos muscle

a. Relaxes in response to warmth, contracts in response to cold

b. Causes wrinkling of the skin of the scrotum

c. Is found in the scrotal septum

d. All of the above

d

The female gamete is not completely created until meiosis 2. Meiosis 2 occurs when

a. Menstruation as happened around day

b. The first polar body has been reabsorbed

c. The secondary oocyte has been fertilized by the sperm

d. The Graafian follicle has erupted from the ovary

c

Which of the following vessels deliver blood to the right atrium? 1) superior vena cava

2) inferior vena cava

3) pulmonary veins

4) coronary sinus

5) pulmonary arteries

a. 2,3

b. 1,4,5

c. 1,2,3,4

d. 1,2,4

d

During milk ejection, milk enters a dilated sac behind the nipple called

a. The areola

b. The lactiferous bulb

c. The lacteal

d. The lactiferous sinus

e. The lactiferous duct

d

What is the outer, fibrous covering of the heart that is made up of dense irregular

connective tissue?

a. Endocardium

b. Myocardium

c. Visceral pericardium

d. Parietal pericardium

e. Epicardium

d

Which of the following is a male secondary sex characteristic?

a. The perineal raphe

b. The testis

c. A deep voice

d. The prostate gland

e. The ductus deferens

c

Which of these is not part of the renal corpuscle?

a. Glomerular capillaries

b. Pedicels

c. Afferent arteriole

d. Glomerular capsule

e. Fenestrations

c

The ___ is an external feature of the heart that is located between atria and ventricles

a. Coronary sulcus

b. Foramen oval

c. Interventricular sulcus

d. Fossa ovalis

a

How many eggs are produce by the process of meiosis?

a. 4

b. 8

c. 2

d. The number varies from month to month

e. 1

e

Perinephric fat (the adipose capsule) surrounds

a. The hilum

b. The renal sinus

c. The renal capsule

d. The renal fascia

e. The renal sinus

c

Filtration occurs in the

a. Loop of Henle

b. Peritubular capillaries

c. Nephron

d. Renal corpuscle

e. Proximal convolute tubule

d

Autorhythmicity is a characteristic of

a. Cardia muscle cells

b. The SA node

c. The AV node

d. The Bundle of His

e. All of these choices

e

One major difference between the left and right ventricle is

a. The presence or absence of pectinate muscles

b. The presence or absence of papillary muscles

c. The semilunar valves have different numbers of cusps

d. The presence or absence of trabeculae carne

e. The presence or absence of a moderator band

e

What condition occurs as a result of the testes not descending into the scrotum?

a. Hypergonadism

b. Cryptgonadism

c. Cryptorchidism

d. Gubernaculitits

e. Hypospadias

c

Principal cells in the kidney are responsible for

a. Filtration of blood

b. Secretion of erythropoietin

c. Secretion of aldosterone

d. Regulation of Na/K levels

e. Secretion of PTH

d

The sternocostal surface of the heart is primarily made up of the

a. Right atrium and right ventricle

b. The basal region of the heart

c. Left atrium and left ventricle

d. The apical region of the heart

e. Right and left ventricle

a