apush unit 7 part 1

boss tweed

• leader of tammany hall political machine

• used bribery, patronage and voter manipulation

• represented gov. corruption during urban growth

president grant

president during gilded age, personally honest but his administration had a lot of scandals

• highlighted weak federal control

grover cleveland

only president to serve 2 nonconsecutive terms, favored limited gov. and opposed corruption

plessy v ferguson

supreme court upheld “seperate but equal”, legalized segregation. racial inequality hidden under gilded age progress

panic of 1873

• major economic depression caused by overinvestment in railroads, led to unemployement and labor unrest

• showed the instability of industrial capitalism

compromise of 1877

• ended reconstruction to resolve disputed election

• federal troops removed from south, allowed jim crow laws to rise up

chinese exclusion act (1882)

• first law banning immigration by race

• reflected anti-chinese sentiment and economic competition

homestead strike (1892)

• major labor strike at carnegie steel, workers protested wage cuts

• strike failed and union power declined

• showed imbalance of power between big business and workers

president mckinley

• president during spanish-american war, argued expansion would bring markets, order and christianity

• made us and overseas empire

theodore roosevelt

• believed us must be a strong global power, used big stick diplomacy: navy expansion and active foreign diplomacy

• key part in building of panama canal to control trade

rudyard kipling

• british writer who wrote “white man’s burden”. encouraged america to expand to “civilize” non westerners

• showed cultural justification for imperialism

anti-imperialist league

• group opposing us imperialism

• included mark twain, andrew carnegie, william jennings bryan

• showed how controversial imperialism actually was

uss maine explosion (1898)

• us battleship explosion in havana, which led to spanish american war

• sparked us expansion overseas

hawaii annexation (1898)

• us formally annexed hawaii because of its strategic naval base and trade access in the pacific

• marks america expanding beyond continent

insular cases (1901)

• supreme court ruled that constitution doesn’t apply to territories, justified ruling over colonies without full rights

• legal foundation for expansion of american empire

panama canal construction (1904)

• us backed panamanian independance, built canal to control global trade + navy movement

• showed us economic and millitary dominance