ALSO right after Rev but more political

Wealth of Nations

This is the 18th century book written by Scottish economist Adam Smith in which he spells out the first modern account of free market economies.

Bill of Rights

The first ten amendments to the Constitution

Treaty of Greenville

Gave America all of Ohio after General Mad Anthony Wayne battled and defeated the Indians at the Battle of Fallen Timbers. 1795 Allowed Americans to explore the area with peace of mind that the land belonged to America and added size and very fertile land to America.

Shay's Rebellion

Rebellion led by Daniel Shays of farmers in western Massachusetts in 1786-1787, protesting mortgage foreclosures. It highlighted the need for a strong national government just as the call for the Constitutional Convention went out.

Land Ordinance of 1785

A law that divided much of the United States into a system of townships to facilitate the sale of land to settlers.

free market economy

a system in which prices are not controlled by the government

Letters from an American Farmer

Written by Hector St. John de Crevecoeur, this French work illustrated the process of exclusion of non-white citizens in the American community.

naturalization act

extended the amount of time immigrants had to wait to become a citizen

Adam Smith

Scottish economist who wrote the Wealth of Nations a precursor to modern Capitalism.

Abigail Adams

Wife of John Adams. During the Revolutionary War, she wrote letters to her husband describing life on the homefront. She urged her husband to remember America's women in the new government he was helping to create.

Republican Motherhood

The idea that American women had a special responsibility to cultivate "civic virtue" in their children

free trade

international trade free of government interference

Federalists

A term used to describe supporters of the Constitution during ratification debates in state legislatures.

Anti-Federalists

Opponents of the American Constitution at the time when the states were contemplating its adoption.

VA and NJ Plans

(VA) "Large State" proposal for the new constitution, calling for proportional representation in both houses of bicameral Congress. The plan favored larger states and thus prompted smaller states to come back with their own plan for appointing representation. :::::::: (NJ) "Small state plan" put forth at the Philadelphia convention, proposing equal representation by state, regardless of population, in unicameral legislature. Small states feared that the more populous states would dominate the agenda under a proportional system.

Separation of Powers

Constitutional division of powers among the legislative, executive, and judicial branches, with the legislative branch making law, the executive applying and enforcing the law, and the judiciary interpreting the law

3/5 Compromise/Great Compromise

the end compromise of the VA and NJ Plans. Slaves were counted as 3/5 of the colonies’ votes, 2 house legislature (Congress and the House of Representatives)

North-West Ordinance

Enacted in 1787, it is considered one of the most significant achievements of the Articles of Confederation. It established a system for setting up governments in the western territories so they could eventually join the Union on an equal footing with the original 13 states

Republican Motherhood

The idea that American women had a special responsibility to cultivate "civic virtue" in their children

Revolution of 1800

Electoral victory of Democratic Republicans over the Federalists, who lost their Congressional majority and the presidency. The peaceful transfer of power between rival parties solidified faith in America's political system.

French and Indian War

(1754-1763) War fought in the colonies between the English and the French for possession of the Ohio Valley area. The English won.

Albany plan of the union

plan proposed by Benjamin Franklin in 1754 that aimed to unite the 13 colonies for trade, military, and other purposes; the plan was turned down by the colonies and the Crown