BMS355 Exam 3 Knee Joint Complex

The knee joint is composed of what two joints?

Tibiofemoral, Patellofemoral

Classification of Joint Type (include both)

Tibiofemoral - double condyloid

Patellofemoral - synovial

The knee complex as a whole is classified as

modified hinge joint

Ligaments of Knee Complex (10x)

1. Transverse lig of knee

2. Coronary lig

3. Anterior cruciate lig

4. Posterior cruciate lig

5. Posterior menisco-femoral lig

6. Tibial collateral lig

7. Fibular collateral lig

8. Patellar lig

9. Oblique popliteal lig

10. Arcuate popliteal

Movements of knee

Flex/Ext

Med rot/Lat rot

Abd/Add

Innervation of Knee Complex (4x)

Branches from

1. Femoral n

2. Obturator n

3. Common peroneal n

   1. Tibial n

First blood supply pathway of Knee joint

lateral circumflex femoral a. → descending branch

Second blood supply pathway of Knee joint complex

Descending genicular a → articular branch

Third blood supply pathway of knee

popliteal a. → superior and inferior; medial and lateral genicular aa. (4x)

Fourth blood supply pathway of knee

anterior tibial a → anterior and posterior tibial recurrent aa.

Muscles that extend leg at knee

rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, vastus intermedius, vastus intermedialis

Muscles that flex leg at knee

1. semitendinosus

2. semimembranosus

3. biceps femoris

4. sartorius

5. gracilis

6. gastrocnemius

7. plantaris

   1. popliteus

Muscle that laterally rotate and abduct leg at knee

biceps femoris

Muscles that medially rotate and adduct leg at knee

1. semimembranosus

2. semitendinosus

3. sartorius

4. gracilis

5. popliteus

Bones of the knee complex

Distal femur, patella, proximal tibia, head of fibula

Significance of condyles of distal femur

articular surface of knee joint

What attaches at epicondyles of the femur?

Medial collateral lig, lateral collateral lgi

What attaches at the intercondylar notch of distal femur?

proximal attachment for cruciate lig

What muscle inserts at adductor tubercle?

adductor magnus

The fabella bone allows?

the gastrocnemius to move freely over the lateral condyle, especially during flexion. It is found in the lateral head of gastrocnemius.

Shape of base of patella and why?

The base of the patella is flattened. Four quadricep muscles insert here via the quadriceps tendon.

What inserts at the apex of the patella?

patellar lig

the articular surface of the patella articulates with?

patellar surface of femur

Significance of condyles of tibia

accept weight of condyles of the femur

The intercondylar eminence is created by?

weight of the femur and thus, upper appendage

What structure does the meniscus NOT attach to?

tubercles of tibia

What attach att the anterior and posterior intercondylar areas?

horns of menisci and the cruciate ligs (respectively - ant and post)

What attaches at the tuberosity of tibia?

distal attachment of patellar lig

Gerdy’s tubercle is I. for ?

IT badn

The soleal line is created from?

soleus and popliteus

During flexion, the femoral condyles?

glide anteriorly, roll posteriorly

During extension, the femoral condyles?

roll posteriorly, glide anteriorly

The knee