Lecture 5: Arrays/Vectors

Flashcards summarizing key terms and concepts related to arrays and vectors in C++ programming.

Array

A special variable storing an ordered list of data items.

Element

An item within an array.

Index

The location number of an element in an array.

Vector

A safer and more powerful form of an array, used in C++.

Declaration of Vector

A vector is declared using syntax: vector vectorName(numElements);

Accessing Vector Elements

Vector elements are accessed using the .at() method.

Vector Initialization

Vector elements are automatically initialized to zero.

Iterating Through Vectors

Using loops to access and manipulate vector elements.

Vector Size

A function that returns the number of vector elements.

Push Back

A method that appends a new element to the end of a vector.

Pop Back

A method that removes the last element of a vector.

Vector Copy Operation

The = operator performs an element-by-element copy of a vector.

Vector Equality Operation

The == operator compares two vectors element-by-element.

Two-Dimensional Array

An array declared with two dimensions, e.g., int myArray[R][C].

C Strings

Character arrays in C and C++ that store sequences of characters.

Null Character

A special character '' indicating the end of a string in C.

C++ Strings

A safer string type introduced in C++, accessible after #include .

Character Checking Functions

Functions like isalpha, isdigit, isspace to check character properties.

Character Conversion Functions

Functions like toupper and tolower convert character cases.