Apendicular Skeleton

BIO211 ~ Anatomy Kinesiology

Shoulder Girdle

Clavicle & Scapula

Clavicle

collar bone

Medial (sternal) end of clavicle

the end of the clavicle that articulates with the sternum

Lateral (acromial) end of clavicle

the end of the clavicle that articulates with the scapula

Conoid Tubercle

the bump on the end of the clavicle (posterior, inferiror & lateral)

Scapula

shoulder blade

Superior border of scapula

The border of the scapula that stretches across the top

Middle border of scapula

The border of the scapula that is parallel to the vertebral column

Lateral border of scapula

the border of the scapula that points at the shoulder

Superior angle of scapula

the angle of the scapula where the medial and superior borders meet

Inferior angle of scapula

the pointy inferior edge of the scapula

Subscapular fossa

the flat area on the anterior surface of the scapula

Scapular spine

The raised ridge on the posterior side of the scapula

Acromion

the lateral end/tip of the scapular spine that articulates with the scapula

Infraspinous fossa

the flat area inferior to the scapular spine

Supraspinous fossa

the flat area superior to the scapular spine

Coracoid process

the projection on the anterior side of the scapula

Glenoid cavity

the lateral indentation the the scapula that forms the socket of the shoulder joint

Suprascapular notch

the small notch at the top of the scapula

Upper limb

Arm, forearm, and hand

Humerus

Large upper bone of the upper limb

Humerus head

the proximal rounded end of the humerus; the ball of the shoulder joint

Intertubercular groove

groove between the tubercles of the humerus

Humerus body/shaft

main portion of the humerus

Anatomical neck of humerus

the narrow region just below the head of the humerus

Surgical neck of humerus

the narrow region beneath all the superior structures of the humerus

Greater tubercle

raised area just opposite/lateral to the head of the humerus

Lesser tubercle

small raised area between the head the the greater tubercle of the humerus

Deltoid tuberosity

rough area distal and lateral, midway down from the greater tubercle

Trochlea

pulley shaped area on the medial side of the distal humerus

Capitulum

rounded condyle on the lateral side of the distal humerus

Medial epicondyle (humerus)

the large, pronounced, medial bump on the distal end of the humerus

Lateral epicondyle (humerus)

the less pronounced bump on the lateral side of the distal humerus

Coronoid fossa

An indentation just above the trochlea on the anterior surface of distal humerus

Olecranon fossa

a large indentation on the posterior surface of the distal humerus

Radius

lower arm bone of the medial/thumb side

Head of radius

the proximal/superior end of the radius; disc-like

Neck of radius

narrow area beneath the head of the radius

Ulnar notch

an indentation next to the styloid process on the distal end of the radius

Radial tuberosity

a raised area on the proximal radius that faces the ulna

Styloid process of radius

a pointy projection at the distal end of the radius; points to the thumb

Ulna

lower arm bone of the lateral/pinky side

Head of ulna

distal end of the ulna

Olecranon

the top of the C shape on the proximal ulna that inserts in the olecranon fossa

Coronoid process

the bottom of the C shape on the proximal ulna that interacts the the coronoid fossa

Trochlear notch

a notch between the olecranon and coronoid process

Radial notch

the contact point between the ulna and radius on the proximal ulna

Styloid process of ulna

a pointy projection at the distal end of the ulna; points to the pinky

Carpals

8 small bones in the proximal hand

Pneumonic device for carpals (thumb to pinky)

She Looks Too Pretty = Scaphoid Lunate Triquetrum Pisiform

Try To Catch Her = Trapezium Trapezoid Capitate Hamate

Scaphoid

“She”

Lunate

“Looks”

Triquetrum

“Too”

Pisiform

“Pretty”

Trapezium

“Try”

Trapezoid

“To”

Capitate

“Catch” - big: captivates

Hamate

“Her” - hood shaped

Metacarpals

number I II III IIV V from thumb side to pinky side

Proximal base (metacarpals)

bottom of the metacarpals

Intermediate shaft (body) (metacarpals)

middle of the metacarpals

Distal head (metacarpals)

top of the metacarpals

Phalanges (phalanx)

Numbered I II III I V from thumb side to pinky side

Distal phalanx (hand)

tip of the finger

Middle phalanx (hand)

Middle of the finger; not found on the thumb

Proximal phalanx (hand)

Articulates with the head of the metacarpal

Pollex

thumb; has no middle phalanx

Lower limbs

Pelvic girdle/coxal bone

pelvis

os coxa/ossa coxae

forms pelvic inlet with the sacrum and coccyx

pubic symphysis

joint at the base where ossa coxae fuse; amphiarthrodial

pubic arch (subpubic angle)

inferior angle of the pelvis

Acetabulum

deep socket of the hip joint

Obturator foramen

large inferior holes for tendons/muscles to pass through

ilium

large upper region of the os coxa; broad and superior

Iliac crest

broad upper boarder of the os coxa

Anterior superior Iliac spine

cliff-like edge on the anterior side of iliac crest

Posterior superior iliac spine

cliff-like edge on the posterior side of the iliac crest

Anterior inferior iliac spine

inferior to the anterior superior iliac spine, below a the indentation

Posterior inferior iliac spine

inferior to the posterior superior iliac spine, below the small bump

Greater sciatic notch

large notch inferior to the posterior spines

Iliac fossa

large, smooth, concave surface ob the internal surface of the ilium

Ischium

inferior, posterior section that contacts a surface when sitting

Ischial tuberosity

rough, chunky bump of the ischium - “sit bump”

Ischial spine

projection between the sciatic notches

Lesser sciatic notch

small notch inferior to the greater sciatic notch

Ischial ramus

inferior/bottom edge of the obturator foramen

Pubis

inferior, anterior section; pubic region

Superior ramus

continuation of the inferior ramus of the obturator foramen

Inferior ramus

continuation of the ischial ramus around the obturator foramen

Femur

largest/heaviest bone; upper leg bone

Femur head

proximal end of the femur; ball of the hip joint

Fovea capitis

small indentation in femur head

Femur Neck

narrow structure just inferior to the head of the femur

Greater trochanter

small projection opposite the femur head (lateral)

Lesser trochanter

small projection on the medial/head side of the femur

Gluteal tuberosity

rough area just inferior of the greater trochanter

Linea aspera

long raised ridge along the shaft of the femur

Medial condyle (femur)

smooth knob-like surface on the medial femur

Lateral condyle (femur)

smooth knob-like on the lateral femur