1.3.3 Protecting Christianity and Pilgrims

Why were knights needed in 12th century Outremer

To protect Christian pilgrims and defend crusader states from Muslim attacks

What were key Muslim strongholds used to attack pilgrims

Ascalon and Tyre

Who founded the Knights Templar and when

Hugh of Payns founded the Knights Templar in 1120 to protect pilgrims in the Holy Land.

When did the Church officially recognise the Templars

At the Council of Troyes in 1129

What was the main role of the Hospitallers originally

To support and care for pilgrims, especially the sick and poor

When did the Hospitallers become and independent order

1113

How did the Hospitallers become militarised

By the 1130s, receiving fortresses like Beit Jibrin and defending estates in Tripoli