Chemical Reactions and Equations
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Flashcards based on chemical reactions and equations from the provided lecture notes.
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50 Terms
What occurs during a chemical reaction?
The change in the chemical properties of a substance.
What observations help determine if a chemical reaction has taken place?
Change in state, change in color, evolution of a gas, change in temperature.
What is the skeletal chemical equation for the burning of magnesium in air?
Mg + O2 → MgO
What is the law of conservation of mass?
Mass can neither be created nor destroyed in a chemical reaction.
What is the balanced chemical equation for the reaction of iron with steam?
3Fe(s) + 4H2O(g) → Fe3O4(s) + 4H2(g)
What is a combination reaction?
A reaction in which a single product is formed from two or more reactants.
What is the chemical equation for the reaction of quick lime with water?
CaO(s) + H2O(l) → Ca(OH)2(aq) + Heat
What are exothermic chemical reactions?
Reactions in which heat is released along with the formation of products.
Give an example of an exothermic reaction.
Decomposition of vegetable matter into compost.
What is a decomposition reaction?
A single reactant breaks down to give simpler products.
What is the decomposition of ferrous sulphate when heated?
2FeSO4(s) → Fe2O3(s) + SO2(g) + SO3(g)
What is thermal decomposition?
Decomposition reaction carried out by heating.
What is the thermal decomposition reaction of lead nitrate?
2Pb(NO3)2(s) → 2PbO(s) + 4NO2(g) + O2(g)
What are endothermic reactions?
Reactions in which energy is absorbed.
What is the displacement reaction between iron and copper sulphate?
Fe(s) + CuSO4(aq) → FeSO4(aq) + Cu(s)
What are double displacement reactions?
Reactions in which there is an exchange of ions between the reactants.
What is a double displacement reaction between sodium sulphate and barium chloride?
Na2SO4(aq) + BaCl2(aq) → BaSO4(s) + 2NaCl(aq)
What is a precipitate?
An insoluble substance formed during a reaction.
What is a precipitation reaction?
A reaction that produces a precipitate.
What is oxidation?
Gain of oxygen.
What is reduction?
Loss of oxygen.
Give an example of a reaction where copper oxide is reduced by hydrogen.
CuO + H2 → Cu + H2O
What are redox reactions?
Reactions where one reactant gets oxidized while the other gets reduced.
What is corrosion?
When a metal is attacked by substances around it leading to damage.
What is rancidity?
When fats and oils are oxidized, leading to a change in smell and taste.
What are antioxidants?
Substances that prevent oxidation.
What occurs during a chemical reaction?
The change in the chemical properties of a substance.
What observations help determine if a chemical reaction has taken place?
Change in state, change in color, evolution of a gas, change in temperature.
What is the skeletal chemical equation for the burning of magnesium in air?
Mg + O2 → MgO
What is the law of conservation of mass?
Mass can neither be created nor destroyed in a chemical reaction.
What is the balanced chemical equation for the reaction of iron with steam?
3Fe(s) + 4H2O(g) → Fe3O4(s) + 4H2(g)
What is a combination reaction?
A reaction in which a single product is formed from two or more reactants.
What is the chemical equation for the reaction of quick lime with water?
CaO(s) + H2O(l) → Ca(OH)2(aq) + Heat
What are exothermic chemical reactions?
Reactions in which heat is released along with the formation of products.
Give an example of an exothermic reaction.
Decomposition of vegetable matter into compost.
What is a decomposition reaction?
A single reactant breaks down to give simpler products.
What is the decomposition of ferrous sulphate when heated?
2FeSO4(s) → Fe2O3(s) + SO2(g) + SO3(g)
What is thermal decomposition?
Decomposition reaction carried out by heating.
What is the thermal decomposition reaction of lead nitrate?
2Pb(NO3)2(s) → 2PbO(s) + 4NO2(g) + O2(g)
What are endothermic reactions?
Reactions in which energy is absorbed.
What is the displacement reaction between iron and copper sulphate?
Fe(s) + CuSO4(aq) → FeSO4(aq) + Cu(s)
What are double displacement reactions?
Reactions in which there is an exchange of ions between the reactants.
What is a double displacement reaction between sodium sulphate and barium chloride?
Na2SO4(aq) + BaCl2(aq) → BaSO4(s) + 2NaCl(aq)
What is a precipitate?
An insoluble substance formed during a reaction.
What is a precipitation reaction?
A reaction that produces a precipitate.
What is oxidation?
Gain of oxygen.
What is reduction?
Loss of oxygen.
Give an example of a reaction where copper oxide is reduced by hydrogen.
CuO + H2 → Cu + H2O
What are redox reactions?
Reactions where one reactant gets oxidized while the other gets reduced.
When a metal is attacked by substances around it leading to