mid-term biology exam
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Last updated 7:08 PM on 12/9/22
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242 Terms
1
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long piece on top of microscope
body tube
2
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holds and spins objectives on microscope
revolving nose piece
3
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smallest objective on microscope
low power objective
4
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second largest objective on microscope
medium power objective
5
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largest objective on microscope
high power objective
6
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holds slide on microscope
stage clips
7
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controls the amount of light on microscope
diaphragm
8
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what you look through on microscope
occular/eyepiece
9
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what the slide is set on on the microscope
stage
10
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biggest focus knob
coarse focus
11
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smallest focus knob
fine focus
12
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bottom of microscope
base
13
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which objective is used to focus?
low power objective
14
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how do you calculate total magnifacation?
occular magnification x objective magnifacation
15
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what is a compound microscope?
a microscope using two lenses
16
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first step of the scientific method:
problem or question
17
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second step of the scientific method:
research
18
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third step of the scientific method:
hypothesis
19
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fourth step of the scientific method:
experiment
20
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fifth step of the scientific method:
analysis
21
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sixth step of the scientific method:
conclusion
22
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seventh step of the scientific method:
prediction
23
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the "things" that are changed in an experiment
variable
24
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the "things" that stay the same in an experiment
constant
25
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the one "thing" a scientist changes in an experiment
independent variable
26
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the "things" that change due to the independent variable
dependent variable
27
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what axis does the independent variable go on?
x
28
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what axis does the dependent variable go on?
y
29
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an educated guess made before an experiment
hypothesis
30
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used as a basis of accepting or rejecting the hypothesis
null hypothesis
31
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a group that gets a fake treatment without knowing it.
placebo group
32
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a group actively participating in an experiment. getting a treatment
experimental group
33
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gets no treatment or gets "normal treatment"
control group
34
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a statement that summarizes exactly what happened in an experiment
conclusion
35
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what does a chi square test?
the observed data with the expected data
36
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what is the rule to accept a null hypothesis?
if the x^2 is less than the critical value
37
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what is the rule to reject a null hypothesis?
if the x^2 is more than the critical value
38
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membrane surrounding nucleus
nuclear envelope
39
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control center of the cell. contains DNA
nucleus
40
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dense circular structure within nucleus
nucleolus
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when DNA is in long thin strands inside nucleus
chromatin
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gel like fluid that contains nucleus and other organelles
cytoplasm
43
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holds cells together, transports substances into/out of cell
cell membrane
44
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outermost layer of plant cells, surrounds cell membrane
cell wall
45
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clean up crew of cell
lysosomes
46
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how do you calculate total magnification on microscope
occular magnification x objective magnification
47
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what is a compound microscope?
a microscope using two lenses
48
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first step of scientific method
the problem or question
49
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second step of scientific method
research
50
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third step of scientific method
hypothesis
51
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fourth step of scientific method
experiment
52
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fifth step of scientific method
analysis
53
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sixth step of scientific method
conclusion
54
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seventh step of scientific method
prediction
55
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one thing a scientist changes in an experiment
variable
56
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the "things" that stay the same in an experiment
constant
57
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the one thing a scientist manipulates in an experiment
independent variable
58
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the "thing" that changes because of the independent variable
dependent variable
59
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which axis does the independent variable go on?
x
60
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which axis does the dependent variable go on?
y
61
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an educated guess made before an experiment. answers the question or problem
hypothesis
62
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used as a basis of accepting or rejecting the hypothesis
null hypothesis
63
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a group that gets a fake treatment without knowing it.
placebo group
64
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a group actively participating in the experiment. they get a treatment
experimental group
65
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gets no treatment or gets "normal treatment", not experimental treatment
control group
66
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a statement that summarizes exactly what happened in an experiment
conclusion
67
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what does a chi square test?
the observed data with the expected data
68
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a series of membranes that attach sugars to proteins and wrap them in a vesicle
golgi body
69
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storage structures for food, water, or waste products
vacuole
70
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storage structures that can move molecules in/out of cell
vesicles
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a series of tubes surrounding nucleus. has attached ribosomes
rough ER
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a series of tubes surrounding RER and nucleus. transports materials to and from nucleus
smooth ER
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found in plant cells only. contains chlorophyll
chloroplast
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contains chlorophyll. is a disk shaped membrane
thylakoid
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an entire stack of thylakoids
grana
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the watery space between thylakoids
stroma
77
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cell particles made of RNA that are scattered throughout cytoplasm
ribosome
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oval shaped with a double membrane. make energy by cellular respiration.
mitochondria
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folded inner membrane of mitochondria
cristae
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plays a key role in the oxidation of specific molecules
peroxisome
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chromatins coiling around proteins and forming an X
chromosome
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two bundles of microtubes near nucleus that pull apart chromosomes during mitosis/meiosis
centriole
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internal skeleton made of protein fibers. keeps organelles organized, helps cell move, helps organelles move
cytoskeleton
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only on animal cells. like a tail. helps with movement
flagella
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only on animal cells. like smaller flagella. helps cell move
cilia
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prokaryote or eukaryote?: 0.1-0.5 micrometers
prokaryote
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prokaryote or eukaryote?: no nucleus or organelles
prokaryote
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prokaryote or eukaryote?: evolved first
prokaryote
89
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prokaryote or eukaryote?: bacteria
prokaryote
90
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prokaryote or eukaryote?: 10-100 micrometers
eukaryote
91
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prokaryote or eukaryote?: membrane bound nucleus and organelles
eukaryote
92
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prokaryote or eukaryote?: evolved second
eukaryote
93
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prokaryote or eukaryote?: protozoans
eukaryote
94
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prokaryote or eukaryote?: fungi
eukaryote
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prokaryote or eukaryote?: animals
eukaryote
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prokaryote or eukaryote?: plants
eukaryote
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identify this organelle
mitochondria
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identify this organelle (not the nucleus)
rough endoplasmic reticulum
99
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identify this organelle
smooth endoplasmic reticulum
100
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identify this organelle (yellow dot)
nucleolus
Note 
Flashcards (20)