L3: A. abdominal wall + GI tract

name the 2 functional muscle groups in the abdomen

anterolateral + posterior

what is the function of abdominal wall muscles

protect abdominal viscera, maintain posture, + move trunk

what is the function of anterolateral wall muscles

increase intra-abdominal pressure (for defecation, childbirth, etc.)

name the anterior abdominal wall muscles

rectus abdominus

name the lateral abdominal wall muscles

transverse abdominus

internal oblique

external oblique

what connects the muscles of the anterior abdominal wall

rectus sheath

which abdominal wall muscles run inferomedially

external oblique

which abdominal wall muscles run vertically

rectus abdominus

which abdominal wall muscles run superomedially

internal oblique

which abdominal wall muscles run transversally

transversus abdominus

what seperates the rectus abdominus muscles vertically

linea alba

what seperates the rectus abdominus muscles horizontally

tendinous intersections

name the most superficial muscle in the abdominal wall

external oblique

name the deepest muscle in the abdominal wall

transversus abdominus

what separates the transversus abdominus from the abdominal cavity

transversalis fascia

what is the anterior wall of the rectus sheath formed by

aponeurosis of EOm + ½ of the aponeurosis of the IOm

what is the posterior wall of the rectus sheath formed by

½ of the aponeurosis of the IOm + aponeurosis of TAm

what are the 3 branches of the abdominal aorta supplying the GI tract

coeliac trunk, SMA, IMA

name the blue region of the stomach

fundus

name the blue region of the stomach

body

name the blue region of the stomach

antrum

name the blue region of the stomach

pyloric sphincter

name the blue region of the stomach

pyloric canal

name the blue region of the stomach

cardia

where does the oesophagus connect to the stomach

cardiac sphincter

where does the stomach connect to the duodenum

pyloric sphincter

what structure attaches the SI and parts of the colon to the posterior abdominal wall

mesentery

at what structure do the pancreas and common bile duct empty into the duodenum 

major duodenal papilla

how does the jejunum differ from the ileum

plicae circulares folded tightly into many circular folds

thick wall + few solitary lymph nodes

fewer arterial arcades (1-2 rows) + longer vasa recta

transparent peritoneal windows

how does the ileum differ from the jejunum

fewer plicae circulares

thin wall w/ lymphoid tissue known as Peyer’s patches

more arterial arcades (4-5 rows) + shorter vasa recta

opaque peritoneal windows

where does the SI connect to the LI

ileocecal junction

name the first section of the LI

caecum

name the 3 distinct features of the LI

epiploic appendices (fatty tags)

taenae coli (3 longitudinal bands)

haustrations (bulges formed by taenae coli)

name the structures in the foregut

oesophagus → duodenum at level of duodenal papilla

name the structures of the midgut

major duodenal papilla → 2/3 transverse colon

name the structures of the hindgut

last 1/3 of transverse colon → upper 1/3 rectum

(SMA) which blood vessel supplies the head of the pancreas and the last part of the duodenum

inferior pancreaticoduodenal artery

(SMA) which blood vessel supplies the jejunum

jejunal arteries

(SMA) which blood vessel supplies the ileum

ileal arteries

(SMA) which blood vessel supplies the ileocaecal junction

ileocolic artery

(SMA) which blood vessel supplies the ascending colon

right colic artery

(SMA) which blood vessel supplies the ascending colon + 2/3 of the transverse colon

middle colic artery

(IMA) which blood vessel supplies the last 1/3 of the transverse colon + the descending colon

left colic

(IMA) which blood vessel supplies the last part of the descending colon + sigmoid colon

sigmoid arteries

(IMA) which blood vessel supplies the rectum

superior rectal artery

what does the right colic artery supply

ascending colon

what does the middle colic artery supply

ascending colon + 2/3 of transverse colon

what does the left colic artery supply

last 1/3 transverse colon + descending colon

what do the sigmoid arteries supply

last part of descending colon + sigmoid colon

name the last branch of the SMA

middle colic artery

name the first branch of the IMA

left colic artery