CA1 PRELIM REVIEW

Derived from Latin "poena", meaning punishment.

Penology

The study of punishment, criminal offenders, and the control and prevention of crime.

Penology

The management or control of places of confinement like jails and prisons.

Correction

Encompasses processes aimed at reforming offenders and protecting society.

Correction

The practice of managing correctional facilities and offenders.

Penal Management

The state inflicts punishment as retribution for law violations.

Redress and Justice

Discouraging crime by making penalties known and undesirable

Deterrence

Reforming offenders to become law-abiding citizens.

Reformation/Rehabilitation

Removing offenders from society to prevent harm.

Incapacitation and Protection

Measures to prevent crime before it occurs.

Prevention

Revenge or punishment fitting the crime.

Retribution

Preventing future crimes through fear of punishment.

Deterrence

Changing offender's behavior.

Reformation

Physically removing the offender's ability to commit further crimes.

Incapacitation

Reclusion Temporal

12 years and 1 day to 20 years.

Reclusion Perpetua

Life imprisonment (permanent)

Prisión Mayor

6 years and 1 day to 12 years

Death

Capital punishment, the heaviest penalty

Afflictive Penalties

Death, Reclusion Perpetua, Prisión Mayor

Correctional Penalties

Reclusion Temporal, Prisión Mayor, Arresto Mayor

Inside correctional facilities, Focused on reformation and rehabilitation

Institutional Corrections

Community-based programs like probation and parole, Aimed at reintegration into society

Non-Institutional Corrections

Conditional release after serving part of sentence. Supervised reintegration into the community

Probation

Conditional release after imprisonment, with supervision

Parole

Exile or confinement away from the community, often for specific reasons like excessiveness

Banishment / Destierro

Physical punishment or intimidation

Corporal Punishment

Limited communication, punitive or protective.

Isolation/Solitary Confinement

Collective activities like mass eating or recreation

Mass Movement

Repetitive routines, uniform food, and monotonous daily schedules

Monotony

Humiliating or demeaning treatment

Degradation/Degradation Treatment

Exile from the community

Deportation / Destierro

Same activities in unison to promote discipline

Mass Movement

Segregating violent or disruptive inmates

Isolation

Vocational training, moral recovery, counseling

Rehabilitation Programs

Crime and punishment based on free will and rational choice

Classical Theory

Focus on the offender's background and circumstances.

Positivist Theory

Emphasizes individual psychological factors.

Modern Clinical School

Blends classical and positivist views, considering circumstances

Neo-Classical Theory

Consequences must be in accordance with law

Legal

No one is exempt from punishment

Certain

Punishments should be applied uniformly

Equal

Suffering inflicted should serve a purpose

Productive Suffering

Punishment must be personally carried out on the offender

Personal

Workhouse/Jailfarm that utilizes labor, training, and low risk offender is for?

Minors or Petty Offenders

Jail that utilizes Pre-trial detention or short sentences is for?

Short-term or low risk offenders

Penitentiary that utilizes Long-term confinement, reform focus, is for?

Serious Offenders