passage 3

Specimen

(n); /ˈspes.ə.mɪn/; Mẫu vật (để nghiên cứu); The scientist collected several ant specimens from the forest floor.

Far-flung

(adj); /ˌfɑːˈflʌŋ/; Xa xôi/Rộng khắp; Researchers traveled to far-flung corners of the world to find rare species.

Jar

(n); /dʒɑːr/; Lọ thủy tinh (đựng mẫu); Store the collected insects in a glass jar with a secure top.

Exhaustive

(adj); /ɪɡˈzɔː.stɪv/; Thấu đáo/Toàn diện; An exhaustive study of the area revealed over 50 different ant species.

Abundance

(n); /əˈbʌn.dəns/; Sự phong phú/Số lượng lớn; The abundance of food in the rainforest supports many colonies.

Taxonomy

(n); /tækˈsɒn.ə.mi/; Phân loại học (ngành khoa học phân loại sinh vật); Taxonomy helps us understand the relationships between different ant groups.

Classification

(n); /ˌklæs.ɪ.fɪˈkeɪ.ʃən/; Sự phân loại; The classification of ants depends on their physical traits and behavior.

Caste

(n); /kɑːst/; Đẳng cấp (trong tổ kiến: kiến thợ, kiến chúa…); In an ant colony, each caste has a specific role to play.

Compatible

(adj); /kəmˈpæt.ə.bəl/; Tương thích/Phù hợp; The new data is compatible with existing theories of ant evolution.

In favour of

(phr); Nghiêng về/Ủng hộ cái gì; Scientists decided in favour of using biological control instead of chemicals.

Thus

(adv); /ðʌs/; Do đó/Vì vậy; The ants are tiny; thus, they are often difficult to spot in the leaf litter.

Bait

(n/v); /beɪt/; Mồi nhử; Sugar or pieces of meat are often used as bait to attract foragers.

Pitfall

(n); /ˈpɪt.fɔːl/; Bẫy hố (hoặc nghĩa bóng: rủi ro tiềm ẩn); A pitfall trap is a simple jar buried in the ground to catch crawling insects.

Foraging column

(n.phr); Hàng quân kiến đang đi kiếm mồi; Ants moving in a foraging column can be easily tracked to their nest.

Confine

(v); /kənˈfaɪn/; Hạn chế/Giam giữ trong phạm vi; The study was confined to a small area of the marshy land.

Aspirator / Pooter

(n); /ˈæs.pɪ.reɪ.tə/; Ống hút mẫu vật (dùng miệng hút); Use a pooter to collect small insects without damaging them.

Forcep

(n); /ˈfɔː.seps/; Cái kẹp/Nhíp (trong phòng thí nghiệm); Use forceps to handle delicate specimens carefully.

Moisten

(v); /ˈmɔɪ.sən/; Làm ẩm; You should moisten the cotton wool inside the vial to keep the ants alive.

Sting

(n/v); /stɪŋ/; Ngòi đốt/Châm/Chích; Be careful, as some species of ants have a painful sting.

Secure top

(n.phr); Nắp đậy chặt; Ensure the jar has a secure top to prevent the specimens from escaping.

Mishandle

(v); /ˌmɪsˈhæn.dəl/; Xử lý sai cách/Làm hỏng; If you mishandle the specimens, they may become useless for taxonomy.

Forager

(n); /ˈfɒr.ɪ.dʒər/; Cá thể đi kiếm mồi; Foragers leave the nest to find food for the queen and larvae.

Elusive

(adj); /iˈluː.sɪv/; Khó tìm/Hay lẩn tránh; The ghost ant is quite elusive due to its pale color and tiny size.

Shrub

(n); /ʃrʌb/; Bụi cây/Cây bụi; Many ants can be found foraging on the leaves of low shrubs.

Test-tube / Vial

(n); /vɪəl/; Ống nghiệm/Lọ nhỏ; Place each specimen in a separate vial for identification.

Spot

(v); /spɒt/; Phát hiện/Nhìn thấy; It is hard to spot ants among the dark debris on the ground.

Debris

(n); /ˈdeɪ.briː/; Mảnh vụn/Xác thực vật; Ants often hide under the leaf debris on the forest floor.

Extract

(v); /ɪkˈstrækt/; Chiết xuất/Lấy ra; A special funnel is used to extract ants from soil samples.

Funnel

(n); /ˈfʌn.əl/; Cái phễu; Pour the sample through a funnel to separate the insects from the dirt.

Marshy

(adj); /ˈmɑː.ʃi/; Lầy lội/Thuộc về đầm lầy; Some species are only found in marshy areas near the river.

Sift

(v); /sɪft/; Sàng lọc; You can sift through the leaf litter to find small colonies.

Coarse

(adj); /kɔːs/; Thô/Ráp; Use a coarse sieve to remove large twigs and stones.

Twig

(n); /twɪɡ/; Cành cây nhỏ; Ants often build their nests inside hollow twigs.

Preservative

(n); /prɪˈzɜː.və.tɪv/; Chất bảo quản (như cồn); Use alcohol as a preservative to keep the specimens from decaying.

Diameter

(n); /daɪˈæm.ɪ.tə(r)/; Đường kính; The diameter of the pitfall trap should be about 5-10 centimeters.

Undertaken

(v); /ˌʌn.dəˈteɪ.kən/; Thực hiện (một dự án/nghiên cứu); An exhaustive survey was undertaken to map the ant population.

Evaporate

(v); /ɪˈvæp.ə.reɪt/; Bay hơi; Make sure the preservative doesn't evaporate in the sun.

Intervention

(n); /ˌɪn.təˈven.ʃən/; Sự can thiệp; The ecosystem flourished without any human intervention.

Forage

(v); /ˈfɒr.ɪdʒ/; Kiếm ăn; Ants forage day and night to provide food for the colony.