Chapter 11-Muscular system notes

Muscle that move the upper arm

the biceps branchii flexes the forearm (elbow), while the triceps branchii extends it.

Muscle of mastication

(Location: over lateral mandible), temporalis

Muscles That Move the Head and Vertebral Column

sternocleidomastoid (location: Major neck muscle); Longissimus group

Muscles That Move the Pectoral Girdle

Trapezius, Pectoralis minor

Muscles that move the arm

Deltoid, the pectoralis major and latissimus dorsi; Rhomboid major

Muscles That Move the Forearm

Muscles That Move the Thigh

Gluteus maximus, gluteus minimus, piriformis, gracilis

Muscles That Move the Leg

Hamstrings and Quadriceps femoris group

Muscles That Move the Foot

Gastrocnemius, Soleus, Plantaris

Temporomandibular joint syndrome:

Symptoms: pain infront of ears, persistent pain in the facial muscles on one or both sides, difficulty opening the mouth. Most common cause is strain to the temporalis muscles that open and close the jaw.

Temporomandibular joint is a hinge joint that joins the mandible, or jawbone , to the temporal bone of the skill. Causes insomnia, ringing in the ears, backache, clicking sound from the jaw.

Temporomandibular joint is a hinge joint that joins the mandible, or jawbone , to the temporal bone of the skill. Causes insomnia, ringing in the ears, backache, clicking sound from the jaw.

Muscle cramp

sudden painful spasm-or tightening-of a muscle, the affected muscle’s hardness to the touch.

The discoloration and swelling of a muscle strain is due to

ruptured blood vessels.

Low Protein and Low Exercise =

Sarcopenia

Consequences of Sarcopenia

Decreased resting energy expenditure

Decreased insulin sensitivity

Decreased muscle mass and strength

Increased risk of physical disability

Increased risk of falls

Increased risk of mortality

The serve pain of compartment syndrome is caused by too much fluid in the

compartment

Compartment is the space that contains a particular groups of muscles, blood vessels and nerves, all tightly surrounded by

fibrous tissue (fascia)