Lecture

"One person, one vote"

The principle that each person's vote should have equal weight in an election to ensure fair representation.

Legislative Sessions

Regular sessions occur every other year for about 4 ½ months, while special sessions are called by the governor outside of the regular schedule to focus on specific issues.

Plurality

Winning an election by having more votes than any other candidate, typically without reaching over 50% of the total votes.

Majority

Winning an election by obtaining over 50% + 1 of the total votes cast.

Legislative Immunity

Protection granted to legislators from being arrested during a legislative session to ensure they can perform their duties without interference.

Qualifications for Office

Requirements for members of the Texas House and Senate, including age, residency in Texas and the district, and length of residency.

Gerrymandering

Manipulating the boundaries of electoral districts to favor one party or group, often leading to unfair representation.

Incumbency rates

The percentage of incumbent representatives who are reelected when running for another term, often influenced by factors like name recognition and party affiliation.

Representation Theories

Delegate theory suggests representatives should directly reflect the majority opinion, Trustee theory proposes representatives act in the best interest of the district, and Politico theory combines elements of both.

Microcosm Theory

The idea that while individual legislators may not fully represent the public, collectively the legislature should reflect the diversity of the population in terms of demographics and beliefs.