Islam Test

What was the main goal of European powers in the spice trade?

To control the lucrative spice trade routes and markets.

What was the role of women in Islamic culture according to the Qur'an?

Men and women are considered equal in spiritual matters.

What led to the decline of the Safavid Empire?

Incompetent leadership following Shah Abbas's death.

What is the significance of the term 'ghazi'?

It refers to warriors for Islam, particularly in the context of the Ottoman Empire.

What belief influenced Akbar's marriage choices?

Akbar believed in religious tolerance.

What significant architectural structure did Shah Jahan build?

The Taj Mahal for his wife Mumtaz Mahal.

What happened to the Mughal Empire during Shah Jahan's reign?

The country was in turmoil and resources were drained.

What led to the decline of the Mughal Empire?

Aurangzeb drained resources and caused subjects to lose loyalty.

What is the significance of the Taj Mahal?

It is one of the most famous pieces of architecture in the world.

What was the Ming Dynasty's response to foreign trade?

They established strict rules for foreign states wanting to trade.

Who led the voyages of exploration during the Ming Dynasty?

Admiral Zheng He.

What was the purpose of Zheng He's voyages?

To explore and establish trade relations.

What was the Closed Country Policy in Japan?

A policy that sealed Japan's borders and limited foreign trade.

What was the impact of the Closed Country Policy?

It lasted for over 200 years and prevented foreign ideas from entering Japan.

What is Bushido?

The strict code of conduct followed by samurai.

What were the seven virtues of Bushido?

Courage, respect, honesty, honor, loyalty, rectitude, and benevolence.

What was seppuku?

A ritual suicide committed by samurai to restore honor.

What did samurai typically wear?

Traditional Japanese kimono robes.

What was the role of the shogun in feudal Japan?

Military leaders chosen by the emperor to rule the country.

What was the relationship between daimyos and samurai?

Daimyos were local lords who hired samurai for military service.

What was the main reason for Japan's isolation during the 17th century?

To prevent foreign ideas and maintain internal stability.

What were the primary goods that attracted Europeans to East Asia?

Silk, spices, and other luxury items.

What was the outcome of the Age of Exploration for Europe?

Europeans began to explore west across the Atlantic Ocean.

What was the significance of the Ming Dynasty's trade policies?

They reflected China's desire to maintain control over foreign influence.

What was the role of tribute in Ming trade relations?

Foreign states had to pay tribute to trade with China.

What was the impact of European missionaries in Japan?

They converted many Japanese to Christianity before being persecuted.

What was the effect of the Manchu invasion on China?

They established the Qing Dynasty, which ruled for 260 years.

What was the significance of the samurai's hair style?

It was styled into a topknot, which was practical for battle.

What two swords did a samurai typically carry?

A katana (long sword) and a wakazashi (short sword) tucked in the outer obi.

What was a traditional breakfast for samurai?

Rice, vegetables, and fish.

What martial arts training did samurai undergo?

They trained in martial arts, including sword fighting (kendo) and mounted archery (yabusame).

At what age did samurai begin their rigorous training?

In childhood.

What was the Bushido code?

A code of conduct emphasizing discipline and loyalty among samurai.

What does kendo mean?

The way of the sword.

What was the purpose of the samurai's mounted archery training?

To master the use of a bow and arrow while riding a horse.

Who were the samurai expected to be loyal to?

Their daimyo (feudal lord).

What was a common activity for samurai after training?

Having a traditional Japanese meal or going into town.

What did samurai wear to travel incognito?

A basket-shaped hat that covered their head.

What motto reflects the samurai's need to master various skills?

The warrior needs to master the bow and the horse as well as the brush and the word.

What cultural arts did samurai develop besides military skills?

Buddhist teachings, poetry writing, calligraphy, painting, ikebana (flower arrangement), and the Japanese tea ceremony.

What is the Japanese tea ceremony?

A ritual of tea preparation and serving to welcome and honor guests.

How did Buddhism influence samurai behavior in battle?

It prepared them to remain calm in stressful situations.

When were samurai no longer allowed to carry swords?

After 1876.

How is the legacy of samurai remembered in modern Japan?

Their way of life is honored, and elements of Bushido philosophy are still taken seriously.

What was the outcome of the Age of Exploration for China and Japan?

China and Japan reacted with isolationist policies and limited foreign trade.

What dynasty ruled China before the Qing Dynasty?

The Ming Dynasty (1368-1644)

Who led the seven voyages of exploration during the Ming Dynasty?

Chinese Admiral Zheng He

What was the purpose of Zheng He's voyages?

To showcase China's might and power.

What was the range of Zheng He's voyages?

From Southeast Asia to eastern Africa.

What significant event occurred after Zheng He's death?

China withdrew into isolation and destroyed its fleet.

What were the trade policies of Ming China in the 1500s?

China's trade policies reflected isolation, requiring foreign states to follow Chinese rules.

What was the Kowtow ritual?

A ritual where foreign envoys kneel and touch their forehead to the ground nine times before the emperor.

What was the Closed Country Policy in Japan?

In 1639, Japan sealed its borders, excluding merchants and missionaries, allowing only Dutch and Chinese traders in Nagasaki.

What was the impact of European missionaries in Japan by 1600?

They converted 300,000 Japanese to Christianity, leading to persecution after a peasant rebellion.

What led to the formation of Japan's exclusion policy?

The aggressive behavior of Europeans and the subsequent persecution of Christians.

What was the role of daimyos in Japan's feudal system after 1467?

Daimyos became lords in a new feudalistic system following the civil war.

What was the significance of the tribute system in Ming China?

Foreign states were expected to pay tribute to Ming leaders as a peace tax.

What luxury goods attracted European traders to East Asia?

Silk, porcelain, and spices were among the luxury goods that attracted European traders.

What was the result of the Age of Exploration for European explorers?

Europeans began to explore west across the Atlantic Ocean to the New World.

How did the Ming government respond to foreign trade?

Only the government was allowed to conduct foreign trade, and it was restricted to certain ports.

What was the duration of the Qing Dynasty's rule in China?

The Qing Dynasty ruled for 260 years.

What were the characteristics of Zheng He's fleet?

His fleet included sailors, soldiers, carpenters, interpreters, accountants, doctors, and religious leaders.

What was the primary reason for Japan's self-imposed isolation?

Japan wanted to develop as a self-sufficient country and prevent foreign ideas from entering.

What event marked the beginning of Japan's chaotic period in 1467?

A civil war that shattered Japan's feudal system.