Acids, Bases and buffer 5.1.3

What are acids

Proton donors

What are bases

Proton acceptors

what are monobasic acid and example

Release 1 proton

HNO₃

What are dibasic acids and example 

Release 2 protons 

H₂SO₄

What are tribasic acids and example

Release 3 protons

H₃PO₄

what is a strong acid

Strong acids fully dissociates

What is a Weak acid

Weak acid partially dissociates

Strong base definition

strong bases fully dissociate ( High OH⁻ conc)

Weak base definition 

Partially dissociate ( low OH⁻ conc) 

equation to calculate pH of acids

pH = -log [H⁺]

Equation to calculate concentration of [H⁺]

[H⁺] = 10^-ph

How to work out [H⁺] of 1 proton

Divide by the amount of protons released

what does a larger Ka value mean

Stronger acid and Greater Dissociation

Ka Equation ( Strong acids )

How to work out pKa

pKa = -log Ka

How to work out Ka from kpa

Ka = 10^-ph

pKa and ka relationship

Lower value of pKa → High value of Ka → more dissociation, stronger acid

Dissociation of a acid

HA ⇌ H⁺ + A⁻

How to work out pH for a weak acid / monobasic

What is the assumption when calculating weak acid

[ H⁺] = [ A⁻] → [ H⁺]²

what are conjugated acid and base pairs ( Image)

what are conjugated acid and base pairs

Two species that are different from each other by a Proton

Units of Ka

mol dm⁻³

What reaction happens in all aqueous solutions contain

H₂O (l) ⇌ OH⁻(aq) + H⁺(aq)