Lab 9-Arthropod 2

Is Insecta a class or family?

Class

Organization

Organ level

Embryonic Development

Triploblast
Protosome
Eucoelomate

Triploblastic or diploblastic?

Triploblastic

Protosome or durtrosome?

Protosome

Acoelomate, Pseudocoelomate or Eucoelomate?

Pseudocoelomate

Symmetry

Bilateral symmetry

Skeleton

Exoskeleton

Movement/Locomotion

Striated Muscles

Sensory Structures

Antenna
Cerebral ganglia
Ventral nerve cord
Cephalization
Compound eyes

Circulation

Open circulatory system

Digestion/Feeding

Complete gut (mount and anus)
Sucking mouth parts
Piercing mouthparts
Predators

Complete or incomplete gut?

Complete gut

Excretory/osmoregulation

Malpighian tubules

Reproduction

Sexual
Dioecious
Internal fertilization
Metamorphosis

What is the structure that allows you to differentiate between grasshopper sexes?

Ovipositer

What does the presence of the ovipositer mean?

Grasshopper is Female

What is the purpose of the ovipositer?

Reproduction

What does the lack of a ovipositer mean?

Grasshopper is Male

Why do the spiracles of the respirator tract open to the outside of the body?

To allow continuous supply of O2
Acts as channel to release CO2

What are the two specialized areas of the digestive tract that refect adaptations to living in dry, terrestrial habitats?

Malpighian tubules and rectum

What benefit do gastric ceca provide grasshoppers?

Increased SA for digestion

What characteristic is shared by the Myriapoda and Hexapoda but not the Crustacea?

Uniramous appendages

Which order in Insecta contains parasitoids and eusocial species?

Hymenoptera

Which of the following is not holometabolous insect?

Orthoptera

Based on genomic data, which of the subphyla below is paraphyletic

Crustacea

Which group below has the most similar diet to members of Class Chilopoda?

Arachnida

What does it mean to be Uniramous?

Unbranched

How many tagmata are there in this Phylum?

Three tagmata

What are the three tagmata?

Cephalon
Thorax
Abdomen

What is the exoskeleton made of?

Chiton

What is Ecdysis?

Molting; shedding of outer skin?

Why do organisms preform Ecdysis?

To grow

Where does absorption of nutrients occur?

Midgut only

What kind of diet does the class Chilopoda exhibit?

Carnivorous

What kind of diet does the class Diplopoda exhibit?

Detritivores (Dead)

What kind of diet does the subphylum Hexapoda exhibit?

Predator
Herbivore
Omnivore
Detrivore

How many pairs of legs does Chilopoda have?

1

How many pairs of legs does Diplopoda have?

2

How many pairs of legs does Hexapoda have?

3

What classes exists in Myriapoda?

Chilopoda & Diploda

What is the subphylum of Insdcta?

Hexapoda

What is the feature of Subphylum Myriapoda?

Many feet

What is serial homology?

Repeating legs on each segment

How many pairs of antennae does Subphylum Myriapoda have?

1

How many pairs of legs does class Chilopoda have per segment?

1

How many pairs of legs does class Dipopoda have per segment?

2

What kind of defense does Diplopoda have?

Non-venomous defenses

Why are insects a diverse group?

Wings
Different life cycle
Small size
Small generation size
Appendage specialization

What are some major insect Evolutionary Innovations?

Flight
Wing Folding
Complete development
Metamorphosis

What are some major insect Evolutionary Innovations?

Co-evolution
Complex social structure
Parasitoidism

What subphylum has tree pairs of legs?

Hexapoda

What is the purpose of the cephalon tagmata?

Sensory

What is the purpose of the thorax tagmata?

Locomotion

What is the purpose of the abdomen tagmata?

Reproduction

What class coevolved with many plant species?

Insecta

Which class has the most species of insects?

Insecta

What subphylum is Insecta in?

Hexapoda

What are the divisions of Insecta?

Paleoptera
Neoptera

What Order do wingless insects belong to?

Zygentoma

What are some examples of Order Zygentoma?

Silverfish

Zygentoma insects do not display metamorphosis, the display...

Ametabolous

What does it mean to be Ametabolous?

Juveniles resemble small adults

What subphylum does Zygentoma belong to?

Hexapoda

What are the two types of metamorphosis do winged insects exhibit?

Hemimetabolous development
Holometabolous

What does hemimetabolous development mean?

Incomplete metamorphosis

What are some examples of hemimetabolous organisms?

Grasshoppers, termites, dragonflies, cicadas

What does holometabolous development mean?

Complete metamorphosis

What are some examples of holometabolous organisms?

Butterflies, mosquitoes, ants, wasps

To what subphylum do Division Neoptera and Paleoptera belong?

Hexapoda

What order belongs to Paleoptera?

Odonata

What is the main feature of the division Paleoptera?

Wings develop outside of the body

What are the two main organisms in Order Odonata?

Dragonfly
Damselfly

What kind of development is exhibited by the division Paleoptera?

Hemimetabolous

What are the individual units in compound eyes called?

Ommatidia

How many pairs of wings does the order Odonata have?

2

What is the main difference between Division Neoptera and division Paleoptera?

Presence of wing folding

Which division is able to fold their wings?

Neoptera

What orders of division Neoptera exhibit Hemimetabolous development?

Orthoptera
Blattodea
Hemiptera
Mantodea
Phasmida

What are some organisms in order Orthoptera?

Grasshopper
Crickets
Katydids
Locusts

What is the purpose of the enlarged hindlegs in order orthoptera?

Jumping

What adaptation does the order Orthoptera have due to their herbivorous diet?

Chewing mouthparts

What structure helps to generate sound in order orthoptera?

"File and scrape" structure

Where are the "File and scrape" structures located in order Orthoptera?

Front wings

Where are the ears located in order Orthoptera?

Front legs

What are the members of Order Blattodea?

Cockroaches and termites

What type of social structure do termites exhibit?

Eusocial

What does it mean to be eusocial?

Single queen, caste style (hierarchy)

What phylum does order hemiptera belong to?

Hexapoda

What are the three groups of order hemiptera?

True bugs, hoppers, aphids

What feeding methods does order hemiptera exhibit?

Piercing and sucking mouth parts

What is the purpose of odorous glands in order hemiptera?

Defense,repel predators

What are some members of order Hemiptera?

X marked bugs
Cicadas
Aphids mealybugs
Whiteflies

What subphylum does the order Mantodea belong to?

Hexapoda

What organism makes up order Mantodea?

Praying mantis

What kind of predators are the members of order Mantodea?

Ambush predators

What feature does the order Mantodea exhibit to assist in prey capture?

Modified raptorial forelimbs (Specialized grasping forelegs)

What subphylum does order Phasmida belong to?

Hexapoda

What are the members of order phasmida?

Walking sticks
Leaf insects

What is the indicating feature of order phasmida?

Camouflage