Holocaust Journey Quiz 1

The beginning of WWI is marked by

The assassination of Austrian Archduke

The Austrian Archduke was assassinated on

28 June 1914

Austria was allied with who in WWI

Germany

WWI was called

The Great War

The Weimar Republic in Germany ran from

November 1918 to 23 March 1933

After the great war german currency

was more useful for kindling than anything else

Adolf Hitler was appointed chancellor of Germany on

January 30th 1933

In November 1932 the Nazi Party won

33 percent of the vote

In October 1929

Wall Street Crashed

Wall street crashed marked the beginning of

The Great Depression in America

Italy established influence over Albania in

November 1926-November 1927

Dachau Concentration Camp Opened

March 22 1933

Dachau

1st concentration camp. It was intended to incarcerate political opponents of the new regime

Reasons to be held in Dachau

Being a socialist, communist, social democrat (political party opposing the nazis,) or an advocate for trade unions

Nationwide boycott of Jewish Businesses

April 1 1933

For the Nationwide boycott of Jewish Businesses the nazi party claimed

German Jews and Jewish communities were spreading propaganda in newspapers worldwide to damage Germany’s reputation

On May 10 1933

Pro-Nazi university students in Germany burned thousands of books from school, public, and private libraries

During the burning of books students targeted

“Un-German” books that included anti-Nazi ideas or were written by Jewish Authors

Examples of books targeted in Book Burnings

Books by Sigmund Freud, Helen Keller, Ernest Hemingway, Erich Maria Remarque, etc

On August 2, 1934

President Paul von Hindenburg dies and Hitler becomes president and chancellor of Germany

On August 19, 1934

Hitler abolishes the office of the president and announces that he is the Fuhrer/supreme leader of Germany

Germany Annexes Austria

March 12th, 1938

Germany taking over (the country was fine with it) Austria was called

Anschluss

In 1938 185,000 Jews lived in Austria when Germany took over

The Jews were immediately subjected to the Third Reich’s antisemitic laws

Evian Conference

President Roosevelt called for a international conference to discuss the refugee crisis of Jews trying to escape Europe

The Evian Conference was held in

Evian-les-bans, France

The Evian Conference was held on

July 1938

Many countries during the Evian conference on refugees

Said that they didn’t want Jews or that a increase in immigration would hurt their economy

September 1938

Hitler threatened war unless Czechoslovakia allowed Germany to Annex part of country called Sudetenland

Germany wanted Sudetenland because

It was home to many ethnic Germans

Munich Agreement

Great Britain and France agreed to the German annexation of the Sudetenland in order to avoid war

Czechoslovakia was not included in the negotiations for the

Munich Agreement

On October 28,1938

Polish Jews were deported from Germany

Poland didn’t want to accept deported Jews so they were put

Between Poland and Germany in “no-man’s land” which turned into a refugee camp

Kristallnacht Attacks were caused by

A Polish-Jewish teenager shooting a German diplomat in Paris, after learning about his parents’ deportation

Kristallnacht “The night of broken glass” was

A coordinated attack on Jewish owned stores, synagogues, and homes across the third reich

Kristallnacht

November 9-10, 1938

The 1st Kindertransport arrived on

December 2, 1938

Kindertransport

Efforts to bring Jewish children from Nazi-occupied territory to safety

Between 9,0000 and 10,000 children left Nazi Territory on

Kindertransports

March 15, 1939

Germany Annexes Czechoslovakia (some of the country was sent to Hungary)

St. Louis Sailed

May 13, 1939

St. Louis

Passenger ship with 937 people, leaving from Hamburg for Cuba

The Cuban government, US, and Canada refused to admit

The passengers on the St. Louis

Two-Thirds of the passengers on the St. Louis

Survived the Holocaust

The St. Louis was the only

Refugee ship turned away from the U.S

Nazi-Soviet Pact

August 23,1939

German propaganda linked

Jews with communism and depicted the Soviet Union (a communist country) as the enemy

Nazi-Soviet Pact was

Agreement to not attack each other for 10 years

In the Nazi-Soviet Pact the two countries agreed to

Divide eastern Europe

September 1, 1939

Germany invaded Poland

Germany invaded Poland using

Blitzkrieg (lighting warfare) a attack with a massive military force

Great Britain and France (The Allies)

Had an Alliance with Poland

September 3, 1939

The allies declared war on Germany (U.S remained neutral) WWII in Europe began

September 17, 1939

Soviet Union invaded Eastern Poland and Nazi German with them divided the country

Poland surrendered

October 1939

Germany Invades Norway and Denmark

April 9, 1940

Germany invaded Norway and Denmark to

Prevent a British blockade of Germany and to obtain more naval bases on the North Sea

Germany Invaded Western Europe (Netherlands, Belgium France, and Luxembourg)

May 10, 1940

Italy Declares war on Britain and France

June 10, 1940

Italian Dictator Benito Mussolini signed a treaty of friendship and agreed to a military alliance

1936 and 1939

Axis Powers

Nazi Germany, Japan, and Italy (Tripartite Pact)

Italian authorities refused to

Deport or murder jews

Italian occupied areas were

Relatively safe for Jews

first prisoners arrive at Auschwitz

June 14, 1940

The first prisoners of Auschwitz were

German and Polish men (Christian and Jewish) most were political opponents of the Nazis

Hungary, Romania, Slovakia, Bulgaria, and Croatia later signed the

Tripartite Pact

In the Tripartite Pact

Axis Powers agreed Germany would control most of Europe, Italy had the Mediterranean Sea, and Japan would control East Asia and the Pacific

Roosevelt signs Lend-Lease Act

March 11, 1941

Lend-Lease Act

U.S remains neutral, but lends weapons, food, and oil to the Allies

Germany Invades Yugoslavia and Greece

April 6, 1941

Yugoslavia was aligned with Nazi Germany but got taken over when

They refused to allow Nazi Germany through the country to invade Greece

June 22, 1941

Germany invades the Soviet Union

Einsatzgruppen

Mobile killing squads that killed Jews and others by shooting and gassing in gas vans

The U.S also gave supplied to the Soviet Union through

The Lend-Lease Act

Japan bombed the US Pacific Fleet at Pearl Harbor Hawaii

December 7, 1941

Japan bombed Pearl Harbor because

U.S imposed economic sanctions on Japan and cut off their supply of oil

When the U.S declared war of Japan

Nazi Germany declared War on the U.S December 11th

Mass murder begins at Chelmno

December 8, 1941

Chelmno was opened to kill

Jews, Poles, Soviet POWs, and Roma in Nazi-occupied Poland

Chelmno was the first stationary facility to

Use posion gas for mass murder

Wannsee Conference was held

January 20, 1942

Final solution was discussed at the

Wannsee Conference

Final Solution

Code name for the mass murder of European Jews

Mass murder of Jews had already begun before the Wannsee conference. The meeting was to

Coordinate the expansion of the killing

Operation Reinhard began

March 17, 1942

Operation Reinhard

Code name for plan to murder 2 million Jews in German-occupied Poland

Operation Reinhard was named after

Reinhard Heydrich the head of office responsible for deportation and murders (he was assassinated in 1942)

Operation Reinhard killing centers

Treblinka, Belzec, and Sobibor (these killed at least 1.5 mil)

November 8 1942

The allies invade North Africa to take control of the Mediterranean Sea

Allies condemned mass murder

December 17 1942

German Defeat at Stalingrad

Marked turning point in WWII because there were many factories producing military supplies and oil fields

Defeat at stalingrad date

February 2 1943

The first transport of Sinti/Roma were sent to Auschwitz

February 26 1943

Warsaw ghetto uprising began

April 19, 1943

In 1942 300,000 Jews were deported from the Warsaw ghetto and killed in

Treblinka

Warsaw Ghetto Uprising

Armed Jewish resistance fighters attacked when Nazis returned to deport the remaining Jews in the Warsaw Ghetto

Italy surrendered in

September 1943

Once the allies invaded Sicily

Mussolini was arrested and the new prime minister negotiated with the allies and surrendered

After Italy surrendered

Nazi Germany invaded and began deporting Jews