Cold War STudy Guide From Powerpoint

Who participated in the Yalta Conference?

Churchill, Roosevelt, and STalin

When was the Yalta Conference?

before the end of WWII, Feb 1945

What was the purpose of the Yalta Conference?

to decide peace terms

What is the United Nations?

It was the League of Nations’ replacement to protect from war.

Different parts of United Nations

General ASsembly and Security Council

What gave the UN power?

Security Council

How many states are there in the Security Council?

It had 11 member states, 6 rotating states and 5 permanent states

What are the 5 permanent states?

Britain, France, US, USSR, and China

Why was the cold war cold?

There was no direct fighting between the US and USSR

What are proxy wars?

They were the practice of the US and USSR fighting through others and using them to represent the superpowers.

Years of cold war

1945-1991

Why did the cold war end in 1991?

the USSR collapsed

What was the Potsdam Conference?

It was a conference establishing who would get what?

What is the domino theory?

It was the theory that if a country fell to communism everyone would fall

What were some reasons for the Cold War?

The USSR threatened the diplomatic dominance of the US and several polices like the Truman Doctrine, Marshall Plan, containment and alliances helped cause the Cold War.

What is the Truman Doctrine?

It was to support countries rejecting communism

What is the Marshall Plan

It was created 1947 and was to give 12.5B of aid to European countries

What is containment?

It is the policy of preventing communism expansion

What does NATO stand for?

North Atlantic Treaty Organization

Describe NATO

It had 10 countries including Europe and the US and it met an attack on any NATO member with force.

Describe the Warsaw Pact

It was the Soviet alliance created in response to NATO in 1955

Describe Seato

It was formed by the US in 1955 to stabilize Southeast Asia after military aggression in Korea and Vietnam

Describe ASEAN

They were an alliance of nonaligned countries

Who was John Foster Dules?

He was appointed secretary of state by Eisenhower and designed brinkmanship

Describe brinkmanship

The US would retaliate instantly if the USSR or its allies attacked US allies

What’s the ICBM

intercontinental ballistic missiles

What’s open state initiative?

mutual aerial observation

What’s U-2 incident?

It was when a US spy plane was shot down

What was the first showdown between the US and the Soviet?

Berlin Airlift

Describe the Berlin Airlift

Cargo planes brought food and clothing to starving Germans during a blockade

When was the Chinese Civil War?

1946-1949

Who were backed up by the US in the Chinese Civil War and what happened to them?

the nationalists but Jiang Jeshi misused 3 bil of US aid so the nationalists were driven out

What were the two Chinas?

Taiwan (ROC) and China (PRC)

Who was the leader of the Chinese communists?

Mao Zedong

How many died from the Great Leap Forward?

20 million

What was the Cultural Revolution?

It was when the Red Guards, young college age communists arrested and killed people.

What were some conferences of unaligned nations?

Bandung Conference and ASEAN

Who was Fulgencio Batista?

He was a Cuban dictator backed by the US and was ovethrown by Fidel Castro

What happened to Cuba in 1959?

It became communist. Afterwards it was sanctioned by Eisenhower and nationalized industries

What was the Bay of Pigs invasion?

It was when the CIA attempted to overthrow Castro, causing him to turn to the Soviets

Describe the Cuban Missile Crisis

42 missile sites were discovered by the US Oct 1962 and the Kennedy had to negotatiate for the missiles’ removal. It was the closest to direct fighting between the US and Soviets.

Describe the Korean War

The border began at the 38th parallel and ended at around that point. 4 mil people died, including civilians and soldiers

Was the Vietnam War successful?

It was a massive failure for the US

Describe the Muslim REvolution in Iran

Muhummad MOssadeq kicked out the US backed Shah and was arrested. THsi arrest failed and Iran became Islamic fundamentalist.

When did the USSR invade Afghanistan?

1979

WHo were the rebels in Iran trained by the CIA?

themujahideen and Osama Bin Laden was one of them

When was the collapse of communism?

late 80s-90s

Where was the collapse of communism prevalent?

Eastern Europe

What were reasons for the collapse of communism?

economic crisis, wave of change, leaders embracing democracy, series of revolutions

What happened in 1989?

The Berlin wall fell and Germany got reunified

Who said “tear down that wall”

Ronald Reagan

What happened in 1991?

The USSR collapsed due to economic reasons and the Cold War ended

Who did the USSR collapse under and what did it become?

Mikhail Gorbachev and it became Russia

What did Western USSR become?

INdependent nations including Ukraine

WHo did the Cold war end under?

George H. Bush

What were some effects of the Cold War?

Taliban