Intrusive and extrusive igneous environments

0.0(0)
studied byStudied by 0 people
GameKnowt Play
learnLearn
examPractice Test
spaced repetitionSpaced Repetition
heart puzzleMatch
flashcardsFlashcards
Card Sorting

1/6

flashcard set

Earn XP

Description and Tags

Intrusive and extrusive igneous environments

Study Analytics
Name
Mastery
Learn
Test
Matching
Spaced

No study sessions yet.

7 Terms

1
New cards

Batholith

  • What it is: Giant blobs of cooled magma deep underground in earth’s crust. Intrusive/plutonic

  • Formed from: Many intrusions over time.

  • Rock type: Usually granite or diorite.

2
New cards

Dike

  • What it is: A vertical sheet of magma that cuts across existing rock layers. Intrusive/plutonic

  • Think: Like magma crashing the party and slicing through everyone’s vibes.

  • Orientation: Discordant (cuts across bedding).

  • Rock type: Can be anything from basalt to rhyolite.

3
New cards

Sill

  • What it is: A horizontal intrusion between rock layers. Intrusive/plutonic

  • Think: Magma being sneaky and sliding between the bedsheets.

  • Orientation: Concordant (parallel to bedding).

4
New cards

Laccolith

  • What it is: Magma spreads out horizontally, pushing the overlying layers of rock upwards and creating a dome.  Intrusive/plutonic

  • Rock type: Often felsic (e.g., rhyolite or granite).

  • Fun fact: Forms mini-mountains.

5
New cards

Lava flow

  • What it is: Magma that makes it to the surface and flows like hot syrup. Extrusive/volcanic

  • Texture: Fine-grained (basalt, andesite).

  • Types:

    • Pahoehoe (ropy, smooth)

    • Aa(chunky, rough)

6
New cards

Pyroclastic flow

  • What it is: Superheated gas, ash, and rock fragments flowing downhill FAST. Extrusive/volcanic

  • Rock formed: Tuff or ignimbrite (consolidated volcanic ash).

7
New cards

Volcanic neck

  • What it is: The solidified magma in the throat of a volcano after the rest erodes away. Intrusive/plutonic

  • Famous one: Shiprock, New Mexico.

  • How it forms: Intrusive, but later exposed