DT - End of Year

Unit 3, 4, 6

What is a physical property?

a characteristic that can be observed or measured without changing the identity of the substance

Define absorbency

The tendency to attract or take on an element, usually a liquid such as water or moisture, but could include light or heat.

Define density

Mass per unit volume - how compact a material is

Define fusibility

The ability of a material to change into a molten/liquid state when heated at a certain temperature

Define electrical conductivity

The ability of an object to carry electric current

Define thermal conductivity

how well heat is conducted through an object

What is a working property?

How a material responds to use in a certain environment or in a certain way

Define strength

the ability to withstand a force

Define hardness

The ability to withstand scratching, abrasion or denting

Define toughness

the ability to absorb energy through shock without fracturing

Define malleability

the ability to be hammered or rolled into thin sheets

Define ductility

the ability to be stretched out into a thin strand without snapping

Define elasticity

the ability to return to its original shape after being compressed or stretched

What is the thickness of papers or boards measured in?

microns or grams per square metre

What are papers and boards made from?

wood pulp

What is the appearance of bleed proof paper?

Coated white cartridge-like paper that can be slightly textured.

What are the characteristics of bleed proof paper?

70gsm, no staining through the paper, ink stays on the surface

What are the uses of bleed proof paper?

marker pens, design ideas, final designs

What is the appearance of cartridge paper?

thick white paper with a slightly rough surface texture

What are the characteristics of cartridge paper?

120-150gsm, completely opaque, expensive

What are the uses of cartridge paper?

pencil and ink drawings, sketching, watercolour

What is the appearance of grid paper?

white paper with a printed grid of squares, isometric lines or other patterns

What are the characteristics of grid paper?

80gsm, faint lines in light blue ink

What are the uses of grid paper?

scientific and mathematical diagrams

What is the appearance of layout paper?

off white, medium opacity, smooth finish

What are the characteristics of layout paper?

40-60gsm, semi-translucent, takes most media well, some inks can smear

What are the uses of layout paper?

creating sketches, copying and tracing images

What is the appearance of tracing paper?

off white, low opacity

What are the characteristics of tracing paper?

40-120gsm, translucent, takes pencils and most colours well

What are the uses of tracing paper?

copying and tracing images

What is the appearance of corrugated cardboard?

natural brown board finished with bonded paper on one or both sides

What are the characteristics of corrugated cardboard?

1000-5000 microns, strong, lightweight, rigid, insulative, easily printed on

What are the uses of corrugated cardboard?

packaging, boxes, impact protection

What is the appearance of duplex board?

two layers of card bonded together, often with a white external layer

What are the characteristics of duplex board?

200-500gsm, stiff, lightweight coatings to improve functionality

What are the uses of duplex board?

packaging boxes, food and drink containers

What is the appearance of foil lined board?

white card coated or laminated with aluminium foil bonded on one side

What are the characteristics of foil lined board?

200-400gsm, stiff, foil reflects heat, water and oil resistant coating

What are the uses of foil lined board?

takeaway containers and lids for food and liquid based products

What is the appearance of foam core board?

smooth board surface front and back, foam inner core, limited variety of colours and thicknesses

What are the characteristics of foam core board?

3-10mm thick, lightweight, rigid in all directions, can crease and crack under pressure, expanded polystyrene centre

What are the uses of foam core board?

architectural models, model making, prototyping, mounting and framing of artwork

What is the appearance of ink jet card?

brilliant white card treated for a smooth finish

What are the characteristics of ink jet card?

120-350gsm, medium to thick card, treated to hold a high quality photo image, ink dries on the surface to create deeper colours

What are the uses of ink jet card?

high quality photographic images

What is the appearance of solid white board?

high quality card, brilliant white smooth finish on both sides

What are the characteristics of solid white board?

200-500gsm, stiff board, holds colour well, easily cut or creased

What are the uses of solid white board?

greeting cards, packaging, advertising

What type of wood is a deciduous tree?

hardwood

What type of wood is a coniferous tree?

softwood

What is felling?

cutting down trees

What are hardwoods like?

less porous, denser cell structure, harder wearing, less prone to rotting, variety of colours

What type of wood is ash?

hardwood

What is the appearance of ash?

pale brown/cream

What are the characteristics of ash?

flexible, tough and shock resistant, laminates well

What are the uses of ash?

sports equipment, tool handles

What type of wood is beech?

hardwood

What is the appearance of beech?

dense/close grain, attractive pink hue

What are the characteristics of beech?

fine finish, tough, durable

What are the uses of beech?

children's toys and models, furniture, veneers

What type of wood is mahogany?

hardwood

What is the appearance of mahogany?

rich reddish brown

What are the characteristics of mahogany?

easily worked, durable, finishes well

What are the uses of mahogany?

high end furniture and joinery, veneers

What type of wood is oak?

hardwood

What is the appearance of oak?

light brown, variable grain

What are the characteristics of oak?

tough, hard, durable, high quality finish

What are the uses of oak?

flooring, furniture, veneers

What type of wood is balsa?

hardwood

What is the appearance of balsa?

pale cream/white, open grained, fast growing

What are the characteristics of balsa?

soft, spongy, lightweight, can snap in thin sections

What are the uses of balsa?

prototyping, modelling, model aircraft

What are softwoods like?

more porous cell structure, absorbs moisture, rots, cheap, sustainable, readily available

What type of wood is larch?

softwood

What is the appearance of larch?

pale to reddish brown, contrasting grain

What are the characteristics of larch?

durable, tough, good water resistance, good surface finish, machines well

What are the uses of larch?

exterior cladding, flooring, machined mouldings, furniture

What type of wood is pine?

softwood

What is the appearance of pine?

pale yellow to pale brown, attractive grain that darkens with age

What are the characteristics of pine?

lightweight, easy to work, can split and be resinous near knots

What are the uses of pine?

interior and exterior construction, cheaper furniture, decking

What type of wood is spruce?

softwood

What is the appearance of spruce?

white/cream, fine even grain

What are the characteristics of spruce?

easy to work, high stiffness to weight ratio, variable results when staining

What are the uses of spruce?

construction, furniture, musical instruments

What are manufactured boards like?

sheets of processed natural timber waste product or veneers combined with adhesives, pale brown natural finish

What type of wood is MDF?

manufactured board

What is the appearance of MDF?

smooth, dull, light brown finish, edges can be hard to finish well

What are the characteristics of MDF?

rigid, stable, good value, smooth and easy to finish surface, very absorbent

What are the uses of MDF?

flat pack furniture, toys, kitchen units, internal construction

What type of wood is plywood?

manufactured board

What is the appearance of plywood?

alternating layers of natural grain veneers, outer material is a higher quality

What are the characteristics of plywood?

stable in all directions, outside layers running in the same direction, thin flexible versions available

What are the uses of plywood?

furniture, shelving, toys, construction

What type of wood is chipboard?

manufactured board

What is the appearance of chipboard?

pale grey/brown, no natural grain, often covered with a laminate

What are the characteristics of chipboard?

good compressive strength, not water resistant, good value, prone to chipping

What are the uses of chipboard?

flooring, low-end furniture, kitchen units and worktops

What are ferrous metal like?

contain iron, magnetic, rust when exposed to moisture

What type of metal is low carbon steel?

ferrous