Human Eye and the Colorful World

These flashcards cover essential terms and concepts related to the structure and functioning of the human eye, vision defects, the behavior of light, and the formation of optical phenomena.

Minimum Distance for Clear Vision

Typically 25 cm for a normal eye.

Near Point

The closest distance at which the eye can focus without strain.

Ciliary Muscles

Muscles that contract or relax to adjust the thickness of the lens for focusing.

Aqueous Humor

Clear fluid between the cornea and lens that maintains eye pressure and nourishes the cornea and lens.

Far Point

The maximum distance that can be seen clearly, normally at infinity.

Pupil

The small opening in the iris that controls light entry into the eye.

Lens

A convex structure in the eye that focuses light on the retina.

Retina

A delicate membrane containing light-sensitive cells that detect images.

Optic Nerve

The nerve that transmits visual information from the retina to the brain.

Myopia

Nearsightedness caused by the eyeball being too long or the cornea being too curved.

Hyperopia

Farsightedness caused by the eyeball being too short or the cornea being too flat.

Astigmatism

A defect due to an irregular shape of the cornea or lens, leading to blurred vision.

Presbyopia

Age-related loss of lens flexibility, making close objects hard to focus on.

Dispersion of White Light

The splitting of white light into seven colors when passing through a prism.

VIBGYOR

The sequence of colors in a spectrum: Violet, Indigo, Blue, Green, Yellow, Orange, Red.

Prism

A transparent medium that refracts light, having two triangular bases and three rectangular lateral surfaces.

Rainbow

A spectrum of colors formed in the sky by the dispersion of sunlight in water droplets.

Scattering of Light

The process where light is absorbed by particles and then re-emitted in various directions.

Tyndall Effect

The scattering of light by colloidal particles, making the light path visible.

Atmospheric Refraction

The bending of light caused by the Earth's atmosphere with layers of varying optical densities.