CPH Lec Week 14

Cigarette Smoking

one of the two leading actual causes of death in the U.S.

Cardiovascular disease, Lung cancer, Respiratory diseases, Diseases among infants, and Burns

Disease caused by smoking: ___, ___, ___, ___, and ___

Carcinogenicity

___ refers to the ability of a substance or agent to cause cancer.

Disability-adjusted life years (DALY)

___ is a measure of overall disease burden, expressed as the number of years lost due to ill-health, disability, or early death

one year

One DALY is equivalent to ___ of healthy life lost

Electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes)

___ are battery-powered devices that heat a liquid (e-liquid or vape juice) to produce an aerosol that is inhaled.

nicotine, flavorings

The e-cigarettes liquid typically contains ___, ___, and other chemicals

menthol ; mint oils

Menthol cigarettes are regular cigarettes that contain ___, a substance derived from ___.

Secondhand smoke

___ is the smoke exhaled by a smoker or that comes from the burning end of a cigarette, cigar, or pipe

non-smokers

Secondhand smoke contains harmful chemicals and is a known cause of serious health problems, including lung cancer, heart disease, and respiratory issues, in ___ who are exposed to it

coronary heart disease, stroke, and lung cancer

In adults, secondhand smoke can cause ___, ___, and ___

respiratory infections, ear infections, asthma attacks, and sudden infant death syndrome

Children exposed to secondhand smoke are at increased risk for ___, ___, ___, and ___

indoor air pollution

Secondhand smoke causes ___

behavioral issue

Smoking is a ___

Social and behavioral sciences

___ are key to understanding why people smoke and how to help them quit.

Political and economic forces

___ historically protected tobacco interests

Education and promotion campaigns

___ have reduced smoking but hit a plateau

brain

When Nicotine is absorbed through the mouth and respiratory tract, reaching the ___ quickly

Tar

___ in Cigarette’s provides flavor and is a major carcinogen; confirmed by decades of research

Arsenic, Benzene, and Carbon monoxide

Smoking Other Harmful Substances: ___, ___, and ___

Cilia

Damage to ___: Leads to increased risk of respiratory infections and chronic diseases

1992

Second-hand smoke identified as hazardous in ___ by EPA

Clean indoor air laws

___ made smoking socially unacceptable and encouraged quitting

peer acceptance and image

Teens are especially vulnerable due to concerns about ___ and ___

Joe Camel

Cartoons: ___ recognized by 91% of 6-year-olds

Master Settlement Agreement

___ (1998): Banned youth-directed ads

David Kessler

1994: FDA Commissioner, ___, classified nicotine as a drug

Menthol

___, still legal, eases smoking initiation and is popular among Black smokers.

nicotine ; vapor

Electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) are devices that deliver ___ through inhaled ___, often marketed as a safer alternative to smoking traditional cigarettes.

nicotine vaping

Survey data (2017-2019) shows increasing use of ___ among high school students

less harmful

E-cigarettes are heavily marketed on TV and social media, with claims that they are ___ than traditional cigarettes

Make the Switch

In 2019, Juul launched the "___" campaign

2016

The FDA began regulating e-cigarette makers in ___.

Trump administration

The ___ announced plans to ban flavored e-cigarettes

nicotine

E-cigarettes contain ___, which is addictive and can harm brain development in adolescents.

Nicotine vaping

___ is replacing traditional cigarette smoking, especially among high school seniors and middle school students.

lung illnesses

In 2019, a spike in ___ linked to vaping emerged

THC and CBD products

Many cases involved the use of ___ and ___ alongside nicotine vaping

Vitamin E acetate

___, a thickening agent, was tentatively linked to many cases of li injury

gateway

E-cigarettes may act as a ___ to traditional smoking, especially among youth.