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Alliteration
a series of words all start with the same letter or sound
Ambiguity
a word or idea can be interpreted in different ways (2+ meanings)
Anaphora
repetition of a word or sequence of words at the beginning
Antagonist
opposition to the protagonist
Apostrophe
rhetorical device -→ speaker addresses an absent person/inanimate object
Aside
character speaks directly to the audience (-→ character’s thoughts)
Blank verse
unrhymed verse in iambic pentameter
Iambic pentameter
ten syllable lines with stressed and unstressed syllables
Caesura
pause in a line
Catharsis
purging of pity and fear at the end of a tragedy
Consonance
same consonant sound, different vowel sounds
Couplet
pair of lines that rhyme and have the same rhythm
Cuckold
man with unfaithful wife, but is last to find out
Deus ex machina
unrealistic plot device to solve problems
Domestic Tragedy
dramatic genre -→ everyday lives of middle and lower classes
Dramatic Irony
audience has knowledge of something that the characters don’t
Euphemism
substitute an offensive or distasteful word for another
Feminism
movement concerned with how women are presented by writers
Foils
character who contrasts with the protagonist
Form
features of a type of literature (ex. rhyme, rhythm, metre)
Genre
type of literature (ex. drama, tragedy)
Historicism
movement that believes historical context is vital for understanding
Homograph
same spelling, but different meaning (ex. bat)
Homophone
same sound, different meaning (canon, cannon)
Hyperbole
exaggeration —> dramatic effect
Imagery
creates a picture in the mind
Introspective
inwardly examine mental and emotional state
Irony
use words in a sarcastic or comic way
Juxtaposition
opposite meaning
Machiavellian
immoral behavior to gain power
Malignity
evil
Mercenary
soldier in a foreign army
Metaphor
comparing two things by saying that one is something else
Metre
create rhythm using stressed and unstressed syllables
Misogyny
hatred of women
Moor
people from North Africa
Morality plays
allegorical plays personifying sins and virtues
Neoclassicism
movement that compared modern drama with classics
Other
x fit in social norms
Oxymoron
opposite meaning, placed next to each other
Paradox
self-contradictory statement
Parody
mocks or exaggerates another speaker or style
Pathos
arouses feelings of pity
Patriarchy
men hold most of the power
Personification
object is given human-like qualities
Poetic Justice
characters get what they deserve
Protagonist
main character
Pun
word play to create humor
Renaissance
cultural movement from 14th to 17th centuries
Rhetoric
language techniques to make powerful
Rhetorical Question
question without a reply
Rhythm
pattern of sounds with stressed and unstressed syllables
Romanticism
18th c movement that valued beauty, nature, and the individual
Sibilance
repetition of s sound
Simile
like or as to describe smth
Soliloquy
reveals thoughts alone
Superlative
most, least, best, or worst
Symbol
stands for something
Tone
mood or feeling
Tragic Decorum
tragic genre - specific rules
Tragic Flaw
flaw of a tragic hero —> downfall
Vice character
personifies evil and immorality