CHAPTER 29- US History 2-RYAN

Why did President Truman agree to help France?

he feared the spread of communism

What did the Geneva Conference provide?

the division of Vietnam into 2 separate countries

Who ordered Operation Rolling Thunder?

President Johnson

why was Operation Rolling Thunder ordered? What happened after?

the operation was ordered to stop North Vietnam’s communist expansion. the order began a sustained bombing campaign

Why did President Johnson cut back on his Great Society promises?

the cost of the Vietnam War was rising

How did President Johnson escalate US involvement in the war?

he ordered more airstrikes

to eliminate drafting abuses, what did the selective service act do?

set up a lottery system to determine who was drafted next

why did the US people begin to distrust the Johnson administration?

credibility gap

what did US soldiers use Agent Orange to do?

disrupt North Vietnam’s food supply

What was the VietCong’s war strategy?

fighting small battles, mostly at night

who won the democratic nomination of 1968?

Hubert Humphrey

What did Nixon’s Vietnamization policy emphasize?

the US should empower South Vietnamese troops to assume more combat duties

what did Nixon’s order of the secret bombing of the Ho Chi Minh Trail do?

reduced the flow of communist supplies

where did the secret bombing of the Ho Chi Minh Trail occur?

Cambodia

What did the Gulf of Tonkin Resolution allow?

President Johnson was able to take all necessary measures to defend and fight against armed attacks on US forces

what did the Pentagon Papers reveal?

US leaders misled Congress and the US people about the war in Vietnam

what did the end of the Vietnam War result in?

a communist north vietnam and a democratic south vietnam

Why did Nixon believe in normalizing relations with China?

drive a wedge between China and the Soviet Union

How did China show its willingness to open talks with the US?

hosting a table tennis match

How did the Soviet Union respond to the normalization of relations between the US and China?

they invited President Nixon to Moscow

what country did Henry Kissenger order Nixon to visit?

China

What did Salt 1

(Strategic Arms Limitation Talks)—>was a series of agreements between the US and USSR to limit the number of nuclear weapons, it reduced the tensions between the US and the USSR and was created to freeze maufacturing of Intercontinental Balistic Missile.

which group sought Vietnam’s independence and wanted to unite Vietnam as one?

Vietminh

people who strongly opposed the war and believed the US should withdrawl were called?

Doves

What does “TET” mean in Vietnam

Vietnamese New Year

North and South Vietnam temporarily pause the war to celebrate Tet because it is an important event in their culture. VietCong comes in and sabotages the Tet celebrations, the US blames Ho Chi Minh

what was the chemical weapon that spread fire jelly over the jungles of Vietnam?

Napalm

who were the two candidates of the US election of 1972?

Richard Nixon (Republican and Winner)

Geroge McGovern (D)

people who believed that the US troops should be more involved in the war were called?

Hawks

What policy did Nixon and Kissenger follow when dealing with foreign relations?

Realpolitik

What two positions did Henry Kissenger serve during Nixon’s presidency?

1.) national security advisor

2.) secretary of state

what growing youth movement of the 1960’s

SDS—> Students for a Democratic Society

who was the republican candidate in the election of 1968?

Robert Kennedy

What hiding system did the Vietcong use?

Tunnels

what are 2 reasons one could NOT be drafted?

certain medical conditions, a current student

what document ended the Vietnam War?

Paris Peace Accords

who was in charge of US forces in Vietnam?

General William Westmoreland

French outpost in Northwestern Vietnam that was overrun by the Vietminh called what?

Dien Bien Phu

what is the capital of South Vietnam

Saigon

idea that if Vietnam fell to communism, its neighbors would fall to communism as well.

domino theory

movement that started in Berkeley that stemmed from the clash between students and administrators over free speech on campus

Free Speech Movement

what 2 Chinese leaders did Nixon meet with in China?

1.) Mao Zedong

2.) Zhou Enlai

who was in charge of the My Lai massacre?

Lt. William Calley

herbicide weapon used to expose and destroy VietCong Tunnels

Agent Orange—> a powerful defoliant spray

what country was bombed in Nixon’s secret bombings?

Cambodia

Henry Kissenger was originally from what country?

Germany

who was the leader of North Vietnam?

Ho Chi Minh

what is the capital of North Vietnam?

Hanoi

what countries made up INDOCHINA?

Vietnam, Camodia, and Laos, Indochina was under the control of the French

Who was the leader of South Vietnam?

Ngo Dinh Dien

ARVN

Army of the Republic of Vietnam—> South Vietnam Soliders, Diem trained them

Vietminh

North Vietnam Soldiers (Ho Chi Minh—>Vietmihn)

when did the US officially join the war?

1964 (we left in 1975)

who was the secretary of defense during the Vietnam war?

McNamara

where did the most deadly protest about Camodia occur in the US?

Kent State in Ohio

Paris Peace Accords 5 comprimises

1.) immediate ceasefire

2.) all POW’s are returned

3.) US leaves South Vietnam

4.) North Vietnam can patrol South Vietnam

5.) the VietCong becomes its own political party

what happened to Saigon after the war?

Saigon falls and becomes Ho Chi Mihn City