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the way parts work together to create an overall effect
Form (film form)
the way the camera moves, the arrangements of color in the frame, the use of music, and other devices
stylistic elements
Patterns in film that create assumptions on what will happen.
formal expectations
delays fulfilling expectation
Suspense
the stylistic features of writing (e.g. grammar, usage, mechanics)
conventions
(n.) a principal idea, feature, theme, or element; a repeated or dominant figure in a design
Motif
Sound that is logically heard during a scene, including dialogue, music and sound effects corresponding to what we see on screen.
diagetic sound
sound that is not logically heard during the scene. Most music is non-diagetic, as are some examples of mood-enhancing sound effects that are not logically part of the scene.
non-diagetic sound
the notion that a change in one factor results in a corresponding change in another
casuality
Length of time in which the animation occurs
duration of time
A method of narration in which present action is temporarily interrupted so that the reader can witness past events
Flashback
Narration in which our knowledge is limited to that of a particular character; sometimes associated with first-person, subjective or limited third person narration.
restrictive narration
Unrestrictive Narration - Film is not seen through the eyes of one particular character (even when there is a main character).Unrestricted narration audience always knows more than any individual character. Ex: Ensemble cast - Grand Hotel (1932) - huge cast and multiple, eventually intersecting plot lines. omniscient narrator point of view - a narrator who is able to know, see, and tell all, including the inner thoughts and feelings of the characters
objective or subjective
Depth of Story Information
allusion to particular items of knowledge outside the film that the viewer is expected to recognize
referential meaning
significance presented overtly, usually in language and often near the film's beginning or end
explicit meaning
significance left tacit, for the viewer to discover upon analysis or reflection
implicit meaning
a meaning that is a manifestation of a wider set of values characteristic of a whole society
A symptomatic meaning is what?
All of the elements placed in front of the camera to be photographed: the settings and props, lighting, costumes and makeup, and figure behavior.
Mise-en-scene
contains the human events and dynamically enters the narratives actions
the setting of the film
identifies actors and their roles
Costumes in film
film actors rely on this for accentuating features
Make up in film
A high-contrast lighting style that creates hard edges, distinctive shadows, and a harsh effect, especially when filming people.
hard lighting
Illumination that avoids harsh bright and dark areas, creating a gradual transition from highlights to shadows.
soft lighting
illumination from a source less bright than the key light, used to soften deep shadows in a scene
fill light
the main source of light in a photograph or film.
key light
characterizes comic or happy moods. It is the optimistic and cheerful lighting used in comedies and romances.
highly lighting
illumination that creates strong contrast between light and dark areas of the shot, with deep shadows and little fill light
low key lighting
art that represents objects in an exaggerated way to emphasize certain aspects of the object
stylized
when staging unfolds in a setting that has significant depth and utilizes this depth
deep space staging
A shot with a change in framing accomplished by placing the camera above the subject and moving through the air in any direction.
crane shot
roughened visual texture; particles of film emulsion that make it up are large enough to be noticeable
grainy image
an optical effect in which the image of an object appears closer than the object
apparent depth
A use of the camera lens and lighting that keeps objects in both close and distant planes in sharp focus.
deep focus
less in focus
less depth of field
a restricted depth of field, which keeps only one plane in sharp focus
shallow focus
The process of rendering the figures on all planes (background, middle-ground, and foreground) of a deep-space composition in focus.
deep focus cinematography
Shows a particular part of a subject with more detail, example: framing a subject from shoulders up
close up shot
a framing at a distance that makes an object about 4 or 5 feet high appear to fill most of the screen vertically
medium long shot
A relatively close shot, revealing the human figure from the knees or waist up.
medium shot
The camera swivels from side to side on the tripod. Often used to show a crowd of people or a landscape.
panning shot
the vertical movement of a camera mounted on the gyroscopic head of a stationary tripod
tilt shot
A mobile framing that travels through space forward, backward, or laterally.
tracking shot
A transition in which the old image is wiped off the screen. Wipes simply cover an old slide with a new one by sliding the new image over the old one.
wipe transition
One scene gradually goes dark and the new one gradually emerges from the darkness
fade-out/fade-in
any juxtaposition of images with actions moving at similar rates of speed.
rhythmic match
a shot transition that emphasizes the visual similarities between two consecutive shots
graphic match
temporal match
spatial match
action in such a way in a story
Elipses
A convention of narrative filmmaking in which the director establishes an imaginary line running across the set; the director then keeps the camera on one side of this line for every shot taken so as to avoid making characters and objects appear to flip suddenly from one side of the screen to the other when the sequence is edited together and eventually projected on a screen.
180 system
often a long shot or a series of shots that sets the scene. It is used to establish setting and to show transitions between locations.
establishing shot
joins shot A, in which a person looks at someone offscreen, and shot B, the object of that gaze looking back
eyeliner match cut
A shot that appears during or near the end of a scene and re-orients viewers to the setting.
re-establishing shot
A shot in a sequence that is taken from the reverse angle of the shot previous to it.
reverse shot
an editing technique that records the interaction between two characters, usually a conversation, who are facing one another with one series of shots often taken over the shoulder of one character and another series of shots taken over the shoulder of the other character
shot/reverse shot pattern
A continuity cut that splices two different views of the same action together at the same moment in the movement, making it seem to continue uninterrupted.
match on action
cut into action that is happening simultaneously. This technique is also called parallel editing. It can create tension or suspense and can form a connection between scenes.
cross cutting
A technique of cutting back and forth between action occurring in two different locations, which often creates the illusion that they are happening simultaneously. Also called "cross cutting."
parallel editing
In the continuity editing system, a cut that presents continuous time from shot to shot but that mismatches the positions of figures or objects.
cheat cut
shot of person looking, shot of what is seen, shot of person looking.
POV Cutting
form (film form)
the way parts work together to create an overall effect
stylistic elements
the way the camera moves, the arrangements of color in the frame, the use of music, and other devices
formal expectations
Patterns in film that create assumptions on what will happen.
Suspense
delays fulfilling expectation
conventions
the stylistic features of writing (e.g. grammar, usage, mechanics)
Motif
(n.) a principal idea, feature, theme, or element; a repeated or dominant figure in a design
diagetic sound
Sound that is logically heard during a scene, including dialogue, music and sound effects corresponding to what we see on screen.
non-diagetic sound
sound that is not logically heard during the scene. Most music is non-diagetic, as are some examples of mood-enhancing sound effects that are not logically part of the scene.
casuality
the notion that a change in one factor results in a corresponding change in another
duration of time
Length of time in which the animation occurs
Flashback
A method of narration in which present action is temporarily interrupted so that the reader can witness past events
restrictive narration
Narration in which our knowledge is limited to that of a particular character; sometimes associated with first-person, subjective or limited third person narration.
omniscient narrator point of view
a narrator who is able to know, see, and tell all, including the inner thoughts and feelings of the characters
Unrestrictive Narration
Film is not seen through the eyes of one particular character (even when there is a main character).
Depth of Story Information
objective or subjective
referential meaning
allusion to particular items of knowledge outside the film that the viewer is expected to recognize
explicit meaning
significance presented overtly, usually in language and often near the film's beginning or end
implicit meaning
significance left tacit, for the viewer to discover upon analysis or reflection
A symptomatic meaning is what?
a meaning that is a manifestation of a wider set of values characteristic of a whole society
Mise-en-scene
All of the elements placed in front of the camera to be photographed: the settings and props, lighting, costumes and makeup, and figure behavior.
the setting of the film
contains the human events and dynamically enters the narratives actions
Costumes in film...
identifies actors and their roles
Make up in film
film actors rely on this for accentuating features
hard lighting
A high-contrast lighting style that creates hard edges, distinctive shadows, and a harsh effect, especially when filming people.
soft lighting
Illumination that avoids harsh bright and dark areas, creating a gradual transition from highlights to shadows.
fill light
illumination from a source less bright than the key light, used to soften deep shadows in a scene
key light
the main source of light in a photograph or film.
highly lighting
characterizes comic or happy moods. It is the optimistic and cheerful lighting used in comedies and romances.
low key lighting
illumination that creates strong contrast between light and dark areas of the shot, with deep shadows and little fill light
stylized
art that represents objects in an exaggerated way to emphasize certain aspects of the object
deep space staging
when staging unfolds in a setting that has significant depth and utilizes this depth
crane shot
A shot with a change in framing accomplished by placing the camera above the subject and moving through the air in any direction.
grainy image
roughened visual texture; particles of film emulsion that make it up are large enough to be noticeable
apparent depth
an optical effect in which the image of an object appears closer than the object
deep focus
A use of the camera lens and lighting that keeps objects in both close and distant planes in sharp focus.
less depth of field
less in focus
shallow focus
a restricted depth of field, which keeps only one plane in sharp focus
deep focus cinematography
The process of rendering the figures on all planes (background, middle-ground, and foreground) of a deep-space composition in focus.
Note
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