Zionism and the Balfour Declaration
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43 Terms
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Diaspora
The dispersion of any people from their original homeland, especially referring to the movement of Jews outside of Israel.
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Yiddish
A High German-derived language historically spoken by Ashkenazi Jews, incorporating elements of German, Hebrew, Aramaic, and Slavic languages.
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Bund
A Jewish socialist movement founded in 1897 advocating for the rights of Jews and workers, promoting cultural autonomy and socialism.
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Zionism
A nationalist movement for the re-establishment of a Jewish homeland in Palestine, founded in the late 19th century.
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Alexander III
Known for conservative and repressive policies, he intensified anti-Jewish sentiment and promoted Russification.
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Russification
A policy aimed at promoting Russian culture and suppressing non-Russian communities within the Russian Empire.
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Pogroms
Violent riots aimed at the massacre or persecution of Jews, prevalent in the late 19th and early 20th centuries.
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Practical Zionism
A branch of Zionism focused on practical aspects like agriculture and settlement in Palestine.
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Political Zionism
A branch of Zionism that emphasizes diplomatic efforts and international support to establish a Jewish state.
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Dreyfus Affair
A political scandal involving a Jewish army officer accused of treason, which led to the rise of Jewish nationalism.
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Theodore Herzl
The founder of modern political Zionism and organizer of the First Zionist Congress in 1897.
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Haskala
A Jewish Enlightenment movement promoting secular education and integration into European society.
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Kvutzah
A Hebrew term meaning ‘group’ or ‘collective,’ referring to cooperative agricultural communities established by early Zionist pioneers.
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Nahum Sokolow
A Jewish leader and journalist who played a significant role in the early 20th-century Zionist movement.
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Chaim Weizmann
A prominent Zionist leader and the first President of Israel, instrumental in the Balfour Declaration.
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Sir Mark Sykes
A British diplomat involved in Middle Eastern affairs during World War I, co-author of the Sykes-Picot Agreement.
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Jules Cambon
A French diplomat who supported the establishment of a Jewish homeland and contributed to discussions on Palestine.
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Lord George Curzon
A British statesman and Viceroy of India influential in British foreign policy regarding the Middle East.
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Lord Arthur Milner
A British statesman and colonial administrator influencing British policy in Africa and the Middle East.
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Sir Arthur Balfour
A British statesman who issued the Balfour Declaration expressing support for a Jewish national home in Palestine.
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Balfour Declaration
A statement by the British government in 1917 supporting the establishment of a Jewish homeland in Palestine.
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Hajj Amin el-Husseini (Grand Mufti)
A Palestinian Arab nationalist and Muslim leader opposing Jewish immigration to Palestine.
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What does the term 'Diaspora' refer to?
The dispersion of any people from their original homeland, particularly the movement of Jews outside of Israel.
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What is Yiddish?
A High German-derived language historically spoken by Ashkenazi Jews.
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What was the Bund?
A Jewish socialist movement founded in 1897 that advocated for Jewish and workers' rights.
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What is the goal of Zionism?
The re-establishment of a Jewish homeland in Palestine.
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What did Alexander III promote that affected the Jewish community?
Conservative and repressive policies that intensified anti-Jewish sentiment.
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What is Russification?
A policy aimed at promoting Russian culture and suppressing non-Russian communities.
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What were pogroms?
Violent riots aimed at the massacre or persecution of Jews.
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What is 'Practical Zionism'?
A branch of Zionism focused on establishing a Jewish state through practical means.
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What is 'Political Zionism'?
A branch of Zionism that emphasizes diplomatic and political advocacy for a Jewish state.
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What was the Dreyfus Affair?
A political scandal involving a Jewish officer accused of treason, highlighting anti-Semitism.
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Who was Theodore Herzl?
The founder of modern political Zionism.
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What was the Haskala movement?
A movement promoting secular education and integration for Jews in European society.
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What does kvutzah refer to?
It means 'group' or 'collective' in Hebrew and was used for cooperative agricultural communities.
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Who was Nahum Sokolow?
A Jewish leader significant in the early Zionist movement.
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What role did Chaim Weizmann play in Zionism?
He was a prominent leader and the first President of Israel.
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Who co-authored the Sykes-Picot Agreement?
Sir Mark Sykes.
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What did Jules Cambon support?
The establishment of a Jewish homeland in Palestine.
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What position did Lord George Curzon hold?
He was British Viceroy of India until 1905.
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Who was Sir Arthur Balfour?
A British statesman known for issuing the Balfour Declaration.
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What did the Balfour Declaration signify?
British support for a Jewish national home in Palestine in 1917.
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Who was Hajj Amin el-Husseini?
The Grand Mufti of Jerusalem, a figure in Arab nationalism.
Flashcards (49)