exam 4 INDUSTRIAL ORGANIZATIONAL PSYCH PSYCHOLOGICAL DISORDERS AND THERAPIES

What are the two major outcomes in I/O Psychology?

Job performance and job satisfaction

What are the two main causal factors in I/O Psychology?

Individual characteristics and organizational characteristics

What types of questions do I/O Psychologists ask?

How do we select successful people at work? How do we make good hiring decisions? What leads to feeling of fairness and justice at work?How do teams function effectively?

What are signs?

measures that suggest r tend to indicate the presence of job relevant knowledge, skill, abilities, interest, or personality traits 

what are samples?

direct measures of the relevant job knowledge and skills

According to the Classic Theory of Job Performance, which factors predict performance?

Ability, experience, knowledge, and proficiency 

Can tests (that measure cognitive ability) predict job performance? Are tests more critical for more cognitively or less cognitively complex jobs?

Yes. Both cognitive ability and practice are important in job performance. Test are more critical for more cognitively complex jobs

Does personality matter for predicting performance?

yes

What is biodata? Why can gathering biodata be helpful?

 self-reported information about an applicants past experiences, behaviors ans attitudes 

• Past behavior can predict future behavior

Does personality predict occupational attainment and leadership?

Yes. Good leaders are typically intelligent, have task relevant knowledge, self-confidence a tolerance for stress and much more

Does it make sense to have an expert (for instance, someone in HR or I/O Psychologist) make hiring decisions about the best applicant?

The final hiring decision about the best applicant should generally not be a subjective, holistic review by that expert

what are teh three components of organizational justice?

distributive, procedural and interactional 

what is distributive justice?

you get your fair share of good stuff

what is procedural justice?

 you think the process for making decisions and distributing good stuff is fair 

what is interactional justice

sharing information, explaining decisions, and howling consideration to employees (informational justice and interpersonal justice) 

Does the personality of a team matter?

Yes. The more agreeableness a team has higher their productivity.

What are some of the conclusions that you can take away from this lecture? (as seen on the slides)

• Job performance is multidimensional, cognitive ability and personality are predictive of subsequent performance, cognitive ability is more strongly correlated with performance in complex jobs, when combining predicators, simple equation are consistently more effective than expert judgement 

• Organizational justice influenced organizational behavior 

• The composition of teams is correlated with team effectiveness

What percentage of college freshmen screen positive for a mental health disorder before entering college?

60%

What is the difference between describing someone as “mentally ill” versus “a person struggling with mental illness?”

Describing someone as “mentally ill" tends to dehumanize or reduce the persons to the illness, while "persons struggling with mental illness” emphasizes the person first and then their experience with the illness

What is a psychological disorder?

A clinically significant disturbance in an individual's cognition, emotion regulation and/or behavior that is usually associated with significant distress or disability in social, occupational, or other important activities

What makes a behavior “abnormal?”

Deviance from social norms distress to the individual,dysfunction that interferes with daily life, and dangerousness to oneself or others

What are the four or five Ds?

Defiance, disapproval, distress or danger, and dysfunction

What are the different types of professionals who diagnose and treat psychopathology? (e.g., what is the difference between a clinical psychologist and a psychiatrist?)

• Psychologist (graduate degree is in clinical/counseling psychology) 

• Social workers 

• Medical doctors

What is the DSM-5?

Widely accepted system for classifying psychological disorders and problems

How can diagnosis be helpful?

• Improves treatment by creating a uniform framework in which healthcare providers can deliver intervention 

• Improves research by allowing collaboration and generalization across settings

• Reduces confusion for individuals with a puzzling set of symptoms 

How can diagnosis be problematic?

• Can create stigma affect how someone is perceived by other and themselves 

• Encourage researches to think of psychological disorders as fixed and enduring diagnoses 

• Create a framework that reduces research and understanding of the real overlap between disorders

What is a categorical  model approach to describing mental health conditions?

• Describes disorders as distinct separate categories, where an individual either has a condition or does not, similar to how physical illnesses are classified

• DSM-5

What is a dimensional model approach to describing mental health conditions?

• An alternative approach is a dimensional approach 

• Considers psychological disorders along a continuum in which people vary in degree

• Recognizes that many psychological disorders are extreme versions of normal

What is the difference between internalizing vs. externalizing stress?

internal : keeping stress to ones self, leading to social withdrawal, excessive work, negative self talk etc. 

External: creating distance from feelings by giving them a seperate identity. Aggressive or disruptive behavior