Biology Root, terms, and definitions

terminology of cells.

Contains digestive enzymes to break down large molecules worn out cell parts food particles and engulfed viruses/bacteria.

Lysosome

The rigid surrounding that gives certain cells shape and support.

Cell wall

Carry out the chemical reactions that release energy stored in glucose to form molecules such as ATP, which provides energy to drive a variety of cellular reactions.

Mitochondria

Flexible boundary covering all cells made a violation of a phospholipid which regulates what enters and exit the cell in order to maintain homeostasis

Cell membrane

The control center is for also activities that contain hereditary instructions and other molecules that function on how the instructions are read, modified and dispersed

Nucleus

A plastid that traps and light energy is converted into chemical energy the other process of photosynthesis

Chloroplast

Small organelle which is the side where protein synthesis takes place. Found on the surface of the rough ER and within the cytoplasm of the cell

Ribosomes

An interconnecting system transports materials through the cytoplasm where they are synthesized and/or with in the cell's cytoplasm.

Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)

Serve as storage areas for food, water or wastes. In plant cells, they become very large in increase the cell size and surface area.

Vacuoles

Serves as packaging and shipping factory where forms membranes around different types of proteins for export to the proper destination (vessels assist this organelle).

Golgi Appartus

The interior framework of protein fibers with anchor cells organelles gives certain shows their shape these fibers are adjustable and can serve as a “highway system” through which materials move within the cell.

Cytoskeleton

Carries out the production assembly of ribosomes and is found in the nucleus.

Nucleolus

Two structures composed of microtubules two found in the center of animal cells and is the location of spindle formation during cell division.

Centrioles

Made of microtubules and assists in cell movement or feeding.

Cilia and flagella

allows only some substances and molecules to pass into or leave the cell.

Selectively Permeable

Fluid inside the cell

Cytoplasm

bilayer makes up most of the cell membrane.

Phospholipid

Cell

Cyst-

to form/mold

Plasm/Plast-

water

Hydr-

to like/ to be attracted to

philia

to fear

phobia/phobic-

beyond/over

hypo-

below/less

hyper-

equal/same

iso-

out/ away from

ex/exo

into/inner

en/endo/esto

through

perm

molecules move from high to low concentration

diffusion

diffusion of water across a membrane

osmosis

Uses transport protein to move high to low

Facilitated diffusion

move things out

exocytosis

large molecules move materials into the cell

endocytosis

against concentration gradient

sodium potassium pump