Biological Theories and Models

Localization

Localization

Neuroplasticity

the ability of the brain to change or rearrange neural connections in response to maturing, experiences, and learning

• through the processes of neural branching and pruning 

Neural Branching

Neurons making new connections

Neural Pruning

Eliminating connections between neurons. 

Neural Networks

Neurons connect to form ‘neural networks’ in the brain

MRI

How it works:

• Magnets and radio waves to measure the density of different body parts.

• Forms a detailed 3D picture of the brain to correlate information about brain damage or changes overtime with behavioural/psychological measures.

Case Study: HM

FMRI

How it works:

• Same as MRI but with the deoxygenation of blood.

• Measuring the oxygen use of the brain region show cells in that area have become more or less active.

  • Warm colours = more activity

  • Cold colours = reduction in activity

• Used to study how the brain reacts to different stimuli.

Case Studies: Sharot 9/11 and Maguire

EEG

How it works:

• Test that detects brain waves, or the electrical activity of the brain.

• Shit it strapped to your scalp and the electrodes detect tony electrical charges resulting from activity of brain cells.

• Data is recorded real-time showing what the brain is doing at any given moment.

  • Investigating sleep cycles, diagnosing epilepsy and studying the relationship between brain activity and mental activity.