Science - 7th Grade Finals

What is a cell wall (and its purposes)?

It is a rigid layer that surrounds the cells of plants and some other organisms. A plant’s cell wall helps protect and support the cell.

Why was the microscope invented, and why was it important?

It was invented to magnify small objects and make them have higher resolution. It was important because it led to the development of cell theory.

What is photosynthesis and its products?

It’s the process by which a cell captures energy in sunlight and uses it to make food. Its products include; glucose and oxygen.

Carbon dioxide enters a plant by…?

By entering the plant through small openings on the undersides of the leaves and moving into the chloroplasts.

What phase does cell replication occur in?

Interphase

What combination of sex chromosomes makes a male and female child?

XY is Male, XX is Female

What are the benefits of genetic engineering?

It can produce medicines and improve food crops. It produces organisms with desired traits.

What part of the cell is the “brain”?

Nucleus

Describe the skeletal system - joints, tissues, etc.

The skeleton system comprises bones, cartilage, ligaments, and tendons.

Functions: Supports body; protects internal organs; allows movement; stores minerals; produces blood cells.

Joints are when two bones come together. It allows bones to move in different ways. You have movable and immovable joints.

Tissues are a group of similar cells that perform the same function. There are several types that include: Muscle, Nervous, Connective, and Epithelial.

What are the different muscle types?

Cardiac, Skeletal, and Smooth

What is the type of tissue that contracts?

Muscle tissue

Glucose is another name for what?

Sugar

What is the motion of the ball-and-socket joint?

Hip

What is the motion of the hinge joint?

Elbow and Knee

Which one of your muscles never get tired?

Cardiac/ Heart

What causes blood pressure?

The force with which ventricles contract causes blood pressure.

What are the points of platelets?

Cell fragments that help form blood clots. It collects and sticks to the vessel at the site of the wound.

What tissue is inside your bones?

Marrow

How are blood types determined?

The marker molecules on your red blood cells.

Atherosclerosis

A condition in which an artery wall thickens as a result of the buildup of fatty materials.

What is a pacemaker?

A group of cells in the right atrium, sends out signals that make the heart muscle contract. The signals regulate heart rate.

Examples of organ systems

Nervous system

circulatory system

Respiratory system

Excretory system

Organ system

A group of organs that work together, carrying out major functions.

Cells, tissue, organ, organ system, organism.

What is a stimulus?

A signal in the environment that makes you react.

What causes the color in your skin?

Melanin

What is a spinal cord?

A thick column of nervous tissue that connects the brain to the peripheral nerves.

What structure in your eye adjusts the size of your pupil?

Iris

Cartilage

a strong connective tissue that is more flexible than bone.