12: Myology & Connective Tissue SA Pelvic

Definition:

Fascia

Thick connective tissue that covers muscle

Definition:

Fascia lata

\-extensive, thick connective tissue on craniolateral aspect of thigh

Definition:

Crural fascia

\-extends from fascia lata distally to leg

How many gluteal muscles?

3

\-superficial, middle, deep gluteal

Where do the gluteal mm orginate and insert?

\-originate from pelvis

\-insert on proximal femur

\-middle gluteal muscle

\-superficial gluteal muscle

\-m. Gluteus superficialis

\-m gluteus medius

\-m. Gluteus profundus

Where does the superficial gluteal muscle insert?

\-3rd trochanterr

Where do the middle and deep gluteal muscles insert?

\-greater trochanter

What is the main function of the gluteus mm (and 3 sub functions?

\-extend the hip

* rotate hip medially; extend/abduct hip

Fascia lata

Fascia lata

(Red)

Deep gluteal muscle

(Red)

Middle gluteal muscle

Superficial gluteal muscle

Deep gluteal muscle

Greater trochanter

what is the feline muscle modification (rump area)?

\-gluteofemoralis muscle

location:

Gluteofemoralis muscle

–caudal to the superficial gluteal muscle

Gluteofemoralis muscle (feline)

Where does the sacrotuberous ligament attach?

From the sacrum to the greater tubercle

definition:

Sacrotuberous ligament

Origin for the superficial gluteal muscle

ligament is absent in the feline?

Sacrotuberous ligament

Sacrotuberous ligament

Where does the tensor fascia latae muscle originate and insert?

originates from the tuber coxae and aponeurosis

Inserts on the fascia lata

What is the function of the tensor fascia latae muscle?

– Tenses the fascia lata

\-Flexes the hip.

\-tenses the area over the cranial aspect of the stifle joint, extensor of the stifle joint.

What is the location of the tensor fascia latae muscle?

cranial aspect of the hip joint

tensor fascia latae muscle

tensor fascia latae muscle

Where do the quadriceps femoris muscles originate?

– Either on the hip, rectus, femoris, muscle, or the proximal femur

what is important to note about the distal tendons of the quadricep femoris muscles?

combine to form the patellar tendon/ligament

where does the quadriceps femoris muscles insert?

tibial tuberosity

Definition: patellar tendon

\-attaches muscle to bone

Quadriceps muscle group to patella

definition: patellar ligament

\-Attaches bone to bone

\-patella to tibial tuberosity

which nerve innervates all four heads of the quadriceps muscle group?

femoral nerve

What is the main function of the quadriceps muscle grp?

extensor of the stifle joint

What happens if the femoral nerve is damaged?

– The animal cannot bear weight on the pelvic limb

what are the four heads of the quadriceps muscle group?

– Vastus lateralis muscle (vast and lateral)

\-vastus intermedius muscle (deep to rectus)

\-Vastus medialis muscle (vast and medial)

\-Rectus femoris muscle (straight)

What is the function of the rectus femoris muscle?

\- Flexes the hip.

– extends the stifle.

Rectus femoris muscle

Vastus lateralis muscle

Vastus lateralis muscle

Greater trochanter

Rectus femoris muscle

Vastus medialis muscle

Rectus femoris muscle

Vastus medialis muscle

Vastus lateralis muscle

Rectus femoris muscle

Vastus medialis muscle

Definition: iliopsoas muscle

– Flexer of the hip

Source of a lot of chronic pain in dogs

Where does the iliopsoas muscle originate?

– Ventral part of lumbar vertebrae, ilium

where does the iliopsoas muscle attach?

– lesser trochanter

Iliopsoas muscle

definition: sartorius muscle

– Innervated by the Femoral nerve

– known as the tailors muscle, because Taylor's follow this line of muscle when measuring the inseam of a pad.

– thin, flat; cranial, caudal

Location: sartorius muscle

\-superficial to vastus medialis muscle

What is the function of the sartorius muscle?

– Flex hip.

– flex caudal extend cranial stifle

Sartorius muscle

What is another name for the caudal thigh muscle?

hamstring muscles

What nerve innervates the caudal thigh muscles?

Sciatic nerve

Where do the coddled by muscles/hamstring muscles insert on the pelvic limb?

Cranial and caudal aspects

What is the action of the hamstring muscles?

\- broad pull on the limb (thigh through hock), resulting in a powerful thrust forward

What are the three hamstring muscles?

\- biceps femoris muscle.

–semitendinosus muscle

– semimembranosus muscle

Where does the biceps femoris muscle lie?

\-caudolateral

Where does the biceps femoris muscle originate?

\-ischiatic tuberosity

\-sacrotuberous ligament

What is the function of the biceps femoris muscle?

\-flex and extend the stifle joint

How does the biceps femoris muscle extend the stifle?

By contracting

What is another name for the Achilles tendon?

Common calcaneal

What does the biceps femoris muscle in Achilles tendon do?

Extends the hock

Extends the hip

Where does the semitendinosus muscle lie?

\-caudolateral

Where does the semitendinosus muscle originate and insert?

\-ischiatic tuberosity

Inserts on the tibia

What is the function of the semitendinosus muscle?

Extend the hip, flex the stifle joint

With the common calcaneal tendon what is the function of the semi tendinosus muscle?

Extends hock

biceps femoris muscle

Biceps Femoris muscle

Semitendinosus muscle

Semitendinosus muscle

Semitendinosus muscle

biceps femoris muscle

Semitendinosus muscle

Semimembranosus muscle

Where does the semimembranosus muscle lie?

Caudomedial

Where does the semimembranosus muscle originate?

Ischiatic tuberosity

With the biceps femoris and semitendinosus muscles

Where does the semimembranosus muscle attach?

Distal Femur and proximal tibia

What is the function of the semimembranosus muscle?

Extend the hip and flex/extend stifle joint

Biceps femoris muscle

Semitendinosus muscle

Semimembranous muscle

What are the three main adductor muscles in the pelvic limbs?

Adductor,gracilis, pectineus

Where do the adductor muscles originate?

From pubic synthesis or pubis

What nerve innervates the adductor muscle group?

Obturator nerve

deifinition: adductor muscle

–thick muscle

– adducts the limb, extends the hip

Definition: gracilis muscle

– Superficial to adductor muscle.

\-Contributes to common calcanean tendon.

Definition: pectineus muscle

– Small muscle

– cranial to gracilis muscle.

– mix up part of femoral triangle.

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pectineus muscle

adductor muscle