Breeds of Swine

Two categories of swine

• Maternal Breeds

• Terminal Breeds

Maternal breeds

Known for large litters and replacement females

• Chester White

• Landrace

• Yorkshire

Terminal breeds

Known for growth and carcass quality. Used in terminal cross

• Berkshire

• Hampshire

• Spot

• Duroc

• Poland China

• Pietrain

Landrace

ORIGIN

• Originated from Denmark.

CHARACTERISTICS

• Are bred for pork production, known for their prolific breeding and good mothering ability.

APPEARANCE

• Medium to large breed, known for their long bodies, fine hair, long snouts, and heavy drooping ears. They are typically white in color, with 16 to 17 ribs, contributing to their lean and long physique.

Large white or Yorkshire

ORIGIN

• This breed originated from Yorkshire City (England) and the present Large white breed was developed in UK by selecting and crossing Yorkshire and White Leicester

CHARACTERISTICS

• They are known for their adaptability to various environments, contributing to their widespread popularity in the swine industry

• Known as “Mother Breed”

APPEARANCE

• They are white to light pink in color, with erect ears, providing a distinctive appearance

Duroc

ORIGIN

• The breed Originated from USA.

CHARACTERISTICS

• Solid colors that range from a very golden to dark red that

  approaches the color of mahogany. It produces the best muscle

  quality and has the lowest incidence of stress mortality.

APPEARANCE

• Reddish – brown, Large frame, medium length, and muscular.

Berkshire

ORIGIN

• The breed Originated from England.

CHARACTERISTICS

• is highly prized for its juiciness, flavor, and

  tenderness. The pork is characterized by its pink hue and

  heavy marbling, enhancing its flavor profile. The high fat

  content of _____ makes it ideal for long cooking

  methods ad high – temperature grilling.

APPEARANCE

• Black breed with a white flash cover a dished face, erect

  ears and white markings in the feet.

Poland China

ORIGIN

• In the early1800s, originated in

  Ohio, US.

CHARACTERISTICS

• Known for their large frame, length of body, leanness

  and muscle. They are excellent feeders, gaining well

  under good care and management. They are also quiet

  in their disposition generally, poor mothers.

APPEARANCE

• Black with white snouts, legs and switch

Hampshire

ORIGIN

• The breed Originated from United States.

CHARACTERISTICS

• Known for producing lean muscle, high carcass quality,

  minimal back fat and large loin. Females also are known

  for their mothering ability, with longevity in the sow

  herd.

APPEARANCE

• Erect ears, black body, with a distinct white band

  encircles the middle of the body, covering the front

  legs.

Hereford

ORIGIN

• The breed Originated from USA.

CHARACTERISTICS

• is a breed of domestic pig named for its color and

  pattern, which is similar to that of the Hereford breed

  of cattle: red and white face.

Pietrain

ORIGIN

• The breed originated from Pietrain, Belgium

CHARACTERISTICS

• Easy to handle and generally known as a quite pig. They are sociable and do well

  both outdoor and indoor.

APPEARANCE

• Black and white spotted with erect ears

Spot

ORIGIN

• Developed in Indiana

CHARACTERISTICS

• Efficient feeder and noted for rapid weight gain.

APPEARANCE

• Black with white spots or with white black spots, small

  ears droop over eyes.

Philippine Native Pig

The breed is very prolific, in average the gilts could exhibit

signs of sexual maturity as young as 4 to 5 months. They

have a low feed conversion ratio. This breed is popular

throughout the Philippines for lechon (broiled whole pig).

Examples of hybrid/synthetic breeds

1. Hypor

2. Babcock

3. Dalland/Topigs

4. Seghers

Native Pigs

1. Ilocos

2. Jala – jala

3. Bekjala

4. Diani

5. Kaman

6. Koronadel

7. Libtong

Taxonomic Classification

Kingdom: Animalia

Sub Kingdom: Eumetazoa

Phylum: Chordata

Sub – Phylum: Vertebrata

Super – class: Gnathostomata

Class: Mammalia

Genus: Sus

Species: scrofa or domestica