Anatomical Position
To stand erect with arms at the sides and palms of the hands turned forward
Supine
laying face up
prone
laying face down
acromial region
shoulder
axillary region
armpit
brachial region
biceps, upper arm
cubital region
elbow
antebrachial region
forearm
carpal
wrist
palmar region
palm
coxal region
hip
patellar region
knee
cephalic region
head
facial region
face
cervical region
neck
thoracic region
chest and upper back
sternal region
middle part betweem pecks
pectoral region
pecks
umbilical region
belly button
abdominal region
stomach
inguinal region
pelvis-groin
pubic region
genital region
femoral region
thigh, quads
cural region
lower leg, shin, calves
tarsal region
ankle
plantar region
bottom of foot
cranial region
head
nuchal region
back of neck
interscapular region
between shoulder blades
scapular region
shoulder blades
vertebral region
spinal column
vertebral region
spinal column
lumbar region
lower back, back dimples
sacral region
tailbone, lower back
gluteal region
butt cheeks
perineal region
butt crack, area between anus and genitals
popliteal region
back of knee, knee armpit
calcaneal
heel
ventral
toward the belly →
dorsal
towards the back ←
anterior
toward the front →
posterior
toward the back ←
cephalic
toward the head, down to up ⬆
rostral
toward the nose
caudal
toward the foot, up to down ⬇
superior
above ⬆
inferior
below ⬇️
medial
towards the midline
lateral
away midline
roximal
closer to the point of attachment to limb
distal
farther from the origin of a body part or the point of attachment of a limb to the body trunk
ipsilateral
same side
contralateral
opposite side of the body
superficial
near the surface, skin is superficial to the muscles
deep
away from the surface, the bones are deep to the muscles
sagital plane
divides body into left and right
frontal plane
divides the body into front and back portions
transverse plane
horizontal divison of the body into upper and lower portions
planes
flat surfaces that divide the body or organs to visualize internal structures
sections
cuts of the body or its organs made along a plane, longitudinal, cross-section
arm
located between shoulder and elbow
forearm
located between elbow and wrist
thigh
located between groin and knee
leg
located between knee and ankle
upper limbs
whole arm
lower limbs
whole legs
abdominopelvic regions
right hypochondriac, epigastric, left hypochondriac, right lumbar, umbilical, left lumbar, right iliac, hypogastric, left iliac
organs in right hypochondriac region
liver, gallbladder, diaphram
organs in the epigastric region
stomach and liver
organs in the left hypochondriac region
diaphragm, spleen, stomach
organs in the right lumbar region
ascending colon of large intestine
organs in umbilical region
small intestine, transverse colon of large intestine
organs in the left lumbar region
descending colon of large intestine
organs in the right iliac region
cecum and appendix
organs in hypogastric region
urinary bladdder
organs in the left iliac region
initial part of sigmoid colon
quadrants of the abdomen
right upper quadrant, left upper quadrant, right lower quadrant, left lower quadrant
organs in right upper quadrant
Liver, gallbladder, and portion of colon
organs in left upper quadrant
stomach, spleen, portion of colon
organs in right lower quadrant
large intestine, cecum and ascending colon, appendix
organs in left lower quadrant
descending and sigmoid portions of the colon
cranial cavity
contains the brain
vertebral canal
\n contains the spinal cord
thoracic cavity
contains heart and lungs
diaphragm cavity
separates the thoracic and abdominal cavities
abdominal cavity
Contains stomach, intestines, spleen, and liver, and other organs
pelvic cavity
Contains urinary bladder, reproductive organs, and rectum
pleural cavity
contains the lungs
mediastinum
space between the lungs
pericardial cavity
contains the heart
what cavities does the thoracic cavity hold?
pleural and pericardial cavities
what cavities does the abdominopelvic cavity hold?
abdominal and pelvic cavities
serous membranes
Line body cavities that lack openings to the outside
thoracic serous membranes
pleura and pericardium
pleura serous membrane
surrounds a lung
pericardium serous membrane
lines the pericardial cavity and covers the heart
abdominal serous membranes
peritoneum
peritoneum
membrane that lines the abdominal cavity
visceral serous membrane
membrane covering the organ
parietal serous membrane
membrane attached to the cavity wall