Lecture 8: Vascular Disorders and Thrombosis: Mechanisms of Edema

What are Starlings forces? Know the difference between hydrostatic pressure and oncotic pressure. What is the major plasma protein responsible for maintaining oncotic pressure?

What is the major protein in the interstitium responsible for maintaining oncotic pressure?

Alterations in fluid distribution result in what process?

What are the four mechanisms of edema? Understand the principles behind each mechanism of edema. Know the causes for each mechanism provided. Understand how the gross photos provided are an example of each mechanism of edema.

• increased microvascular permeability

• Increased intravascular hydrostatic pressure

• decreased oncotic (osmotic)

• pressure

• decreased lymphatic drainage

What is an effusion? Where do effusions accumulate?

Be able to list the three broad categories of effusions and how we classify them.

What are the mechanisms responsible for transudative effusions? What are alternative names for a transudative effusion for the thoracic, abdominal, and pericardial cavities?

How do transudative effusions differ from exudated effusions. Be able to distinguish these effusions grossly.

What is a chylous effusion and how does it differ from the other types of effusions