APUSH Final Exam

what role did geography play in shaping Native American societies?

It influenced food, sources, housing, economy, and political structures

What was the Colombian exchange?

The transfer of plants, animals, disease, diseases, and people between the Americas and Europe

What was the major demographic impact of European contact?

Massive Native American population decline due to disease

What was mercantilism?

colonies existed to economically benefit the mother country

How did New England and southern colonies differ?

New England: small farms, religious focus. South: plantation, agricultural, slavery.

Why did slavery expand in the colonies?

High labor demand and decline of indentured servants

What caused colonial resentment after the French and Indian war

British taxation policies

Why were the articles of confederation weak?

No power to tax or enforce laws

What principle did the constitution establish?

Federalism and separation of powers

What was the market Revolution?

Shift to industrial production and expanded transportation

how did Jacksonian democracy change politics?

Expanded voting rights for white men

What were major reform movements of period four

Abolition, women's rights ,education reform

What was the primary cause of the Civil War?

Conflict over slavery expansion

What did the 13th amendment do?

Abolished slavery

why did reconstruction fail?

Federal troops withdrew; rise of Jim Crow laws

What is field industrial growth?

Railroad, technology, immigration

What problems did industrial workers face?

Low wages, long hours, unsafe conditions

What was LAISSEZ-FAIRE capitalism?

Government avoided regulating businesses

Why did the US pursue imperialism?

Economic markets, military power, nationalism

What did progressives aim to reform?

Government corruption in big business abuses

what caused the great depression

stock market crash, overproduction, bank failures

What were the three r's Of the new deal

Relief, recovery, reform

Why did the US enter World War II?

Attack on Pearl Harbor

What was containment?

Policy the stop spread of communism

What was the Truman doctrine?

US support for countries resisting communism

What did the brown V Board of Education decide

School segregation unconstitutional

What did the civil rights act of 1964 do

Banned discrimination based on race

Why did the Vietnam war WEAKEN public trust

credibility gap And draft opposition

What was Watergate?

political scandal leading to Nixon's resignation

What was Reaganomics?

Tax cuts and supply side, economic policy

What ended the Cold War?

The collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991.

how did globalization affect the US?

Trade and economic interdependence

Compare reconstruction and civil rights movement

Both expanded rights for black Americans; both face resistance

How did federal power expand during new deal?

Government took a larger role in economy

How did World War II transform the US economy?

Ended depression; increased industrial production

How did Westward expansion increase sectional tension?

Debates over slavery in new territories

How did reform movements reflect democratic ideals?

Expanded participation and rights

Compare 1920s and 1950s culture

Economic prosperity; consumerism; social conformity

How did industrialization change immigration patterns?

Increased urban immigration for factory jobs

How did Cold War fears affect domestic policy?

McCarthyism and anti-communist laws

French and Indian war

colonial depth to taxation to revolution

Kansas-Nebraska act

Bleeding Kansas to sectional violence

Stock market crash

Great depression

Pearl Harbor

US enters World War II

Brown V board

Desegregation efforts to civil rights movement exapnasion