PTD

1. EXPLORING INSTRUMENTS

dental mirror: Used to retract soft tissues and to visualize dental areas either directly or indirectly. It can be used alone or in combination

exploration probe: Active part ending in a sharp tip. It is used to explore grooves and fissures, assess dentin hardness, and delineate margins.

cotton pliers: Fine, angled, and serrated active part. Used to handle and transport small items such as cotton rolls, wedges, paper points

2. INSTRUMENTS FOR CAVITY PREPERATION

high speed turbine: used on highly mineralized tissues (enamel and healthy dentin). high speed id achieved by compressed air

low speed contra angle: connects to micromotor. provides greater control in deep cavities

burs: Active cutting element. There are burs for high-speed handpieces (friction grip type) and for contra- angle handpieces (latch-type). They can be made of tungsten carbide or diamond, with various shapes (pear, round, cylindrical, etc.)

3. HAND CUTTING INSTRUMENTS

Spoon excavator: Used to remove carious dentin. They are available in various sizes.

enamel hatchets: to remove decay and refine cavity preparation

straight chisel: to remove decay and refine cavity preparation, pushing motion

gingival margin trimmer: removes decay and refine cavity preparation, especially to bevel the gingival margin of the cavity preparation

4. INSTRUMENTS FOR SILVER AMALGAM RESTORATIONS

Condensers: Used to compact amalgam. They may have cylindrical, rhomboidal, or conical shapes

groove former carver: Used to shape and refine the occlusal surface

amalgam burnisher: used to smooth and adapt amalgam to the cavity walls. They are commonly available in ball or egg shapes.

burnisher pointed ball: to smooth and shape metal restorations

burnisher T ball: smooth and shape metal restorations, smooth rough margins and shape metal matrix bands

burnisher football

burnisher beavertail

cavity liner applicator

matric band retainer

articulating paper forceps

dental dam punch: to create proper sized holes in the dam to expose the teeth to be isolated

dental dam clamp forceps: to place and remove the dental dam clamp

dental dam frame: stretches and hold the dam away from the working area outside the mouth

carvers: Hollenbeck, cleoid-discoid

calcium hydroxide placement instrument: Used to place calcium hydroxide or similar materials into cavity preparations

dappen glass: small container used to hold dental materials during clinical procedures

amalgam carrier: Used to transport amalgam into the cavity preparation. It is equipped with an internal plunger for material delivery.

5. INSTRUMENTS FOR COMPOSITE RESIN RESTORATIONS

Plastic instruments: Used to carry and shape composite resin. Some have a spatula-like form, while others are more rounded

composite syringes and guns: Used to apply composite compules directly into cavity preparations.

brush: used to shape and adapt the restorative material in thin layers

6. INSTRUMENTS FOR CEMENTS

cement spatula: Used to mix restorative or base materials.

7. INSTRUMENTS FOR FINISHING AND POLISHING COMPOSITE

scalpel blade n12: used to trim excess composite

tungsten carbide or diamond burs: used to polish and adjust restorations

polishing cups, polishing strips and abrasive paste: used for the final polishing of the restoration

What is the instrument used at low speed

contra angle

What are instruments in exploration kit

dental mirror/ exploration probe/ cotton plier/ periodontal probe