Cells and Body Systems 3

Nervous System, and Vaccines.

Function of the Nervous System

Transmit messages around the body and runs the body’s organ systems.

Nervous Tissue

The tissue that makes up the nervous system. Made up of neurons.

Neurons

Sends and receives messages.

Dendrites

Small branches that receive messages

Axons

Long extension that passes along messages

Central Nervous System

Made up of the brain and spinal cord

Peripheral Nervous System

Made up of the cranial nerves (head) and spinal nerves (all your other nerves)

Brain

Recieves messages from the outside world through sense organs. Controls thoughts, memory, touch, breathing.

3 Parts of the Brain

1. Cerebrum

2. Cerebellum

3. Medulla

Spinal cord

Sends messages to/from the peripheral nervous system to/from the brain.

Grey matter

Tissue in the brain made up of neurons. “Thinking part” helps you think, learn, memory

White matter

Made out of axons, communication highway of your brain. Sends messages quickly around your brain.

Sensory Neurons

Carries signals to the brain to help you touch, taste, smell, and see. Carries information.

Motor Neurons

Carries signals to your muscles to help you move and function

Somatic Nervous System

Conscious control over responses. Ex: hearing a noise, choosing to ignore it.

Autonomic Nervous System

Brian responds without thinking. Ex: breathing, heart rate.

Reflex arc

Sensory and motor neurons work together, reacts without brain. Ex; touching something hot.

Subluxation

a Joint is out of place causing pressure on the nerves around it interfering with the way nerves send messages.

Concussion

Brain injury when your head shakes violently. Like a bruise on your brain.

Epilepsy

Brain nerve cells send incorrect signals causing one to have seizures.

Cancer

Comes from a single cell that starts dividing over and over again until it forms a tumour, spreads easily.

Variolation

Method of introducing a disease to a healthy person to help them build immunity.

Immune Response

When your immune system begins to fight an infection, you begin to feel more symptoms

Adaptive Immunity

Immunity you gain from experience fighting a disease from fighting it before, or having a vaccine.

Live Attenuated Vaccine

You are given a weakened form of the virus that your body learns to fight. Long lasting immunity.

Inactive Vaccine

You are given instructions how to fight the disease but your immune system has no experience and might “forget” so might need a booster shot.

Subunit Vaccine

You are given the antibodies to recognize the virus and start fighting it right away.

DNA/MRNA Vaccine

You get the virus DNA and know how to fight it.

Herd immunity

When 90% of the population has immunity from a vaccine so it can protect those unable to get vaccines.