business - human resources

what 3 things does a personnel plan detail

how many workers needed

type of workers needed

how the business will get the best out of its workers

what 5 details about the type of workers needed are usually explained

skills vs unskilled

if they are managers

full time vs part time

working location

working times

what is an organisational structure

how people and departments are arranged in a business

what are the two types of organisational structures

tall - few layers

flat - many layers

what are 3 advantages of a tall organisational structure

clear lines of communication

managers have a smaller span of control

more opportunities for promotion

what are 2 disadvantages of a tall organisational structure

subordinates may feel too controlled decreasing motivation

workers may only communicate and get on well with direct colleagues

what are 2 advantages of a flat organisational structure

managers delegate responibilities which is good for motivation

workers communicate with more people so good for generating ideas

what are 3 disadvantages of a flat organisational structure

not alwys a clear line of communication

managers have a large span of control

fewer opportunities for promotions

what are 2 features of a business suitable for a tall organisational structure

a large organisation

non-creative businesses where workers do limited clear tasks

what are 2 features of a business suitable for a flat organisational structure

creative businesses

smaller businesses

what is an organisational chart

a chart that shows the people in the organisational structure

what does authority mean

the poewr than one person has to make decisions and give instructions to workers they’re in charge of

what are subordinates

workers that a line manager is responsible for

what does delegation mean

a process where a manager gives subordinates a responsibility that the manager remains ultimately responsible for

what is the chain of command

the link in authority from those at the top to those at the bottom

what is span of control

the number of subordinates a manager has authority over

what 3 ways a business can be organised

by product

by place

by function

what are 3 reasons different organisational structures are chosen

the importance of effective communication

different job roles and responsibilities

different ways of working

what are the 7 ways of working

full time

part time

flexible working

temporary working

work from home

work while mobile

self-employment

what does full time work mean

working at least 35 hours per week

what does part time work mean

working less than 35 hours a week

what is flexible working

workers work where and when it suits them

what is temporary working

working for a short period of time

what is work while mobile

work while travelling or on holiday

what is an advantage of part time work to the business

worker only works at specific times the business needs them

what is an advantage of full time work to the business

worker is permanently available for the business

what is an advantage of flexible work to the business

business benefits from motivation of workers who work how they want

what is an advantage of temporary work to the business

business only employs workers when theres a need for them

what is an advantage of work from home to the business

business saves rent costs of offices

what is an advantage of work while mobile to the business

business benefits from increased productivity of the worker

what is an advantage of self-employment to the business

businesses don’t pay contractors national insurance or pension contributions or when the contracter isn’t needed

what is a disadvantage of full time work to the business

business may have to pay workers when they aren’t needed

what is a disadvantage of part time work to the business

business may have to train more workers than if they employed full time

what is a disadvantage of flexible work to the business

worker may not be available when they business needs them

what is a disadvantage of temporary working to the business

businesses may find it hard to employ enough workers when needed

what is a disadvantage of work from home to the business

workers may not communicate well and may not do work properly

what is a disadvantage of work while mobile to the business

business can’t monitor if the worker is working as much as they are supposed to

what is a disadvantage of self employed work to the business

contractor may not work in the way normal employees are trained to

what is an advantage to the worker of full time work

worker is paid for a full working week

what is an advantage to the worker of part time work / flexible work / temporary work

workers can work when its suitable for them

what is an advantage to the worker of work from home

saves time and money by not travelling to work

what is an advantage to the worker of work while mobile

worker can make full use of their time

what is an advantage to the worker of self-employment

worker can stay in control and is highly motivated as earnings depend on output

what is a disadvantage to the worker of full time work

worker is tied to a long working week

what is a disadvantage to the worker of part time work

worker may need a second job as they are only paid for hours worked

what is a disadvantage to the worker of flexible work

worker may not be offered as much work as wanted

what is a disadvantage to the worker of temporary work

worker may not have work at some times of the year

what is a disadvantage to the worker of work from home

workers may have distractions and miss socialising

what is a disadvantage to the worker of work while mobile

workers may feel pressure to work a lot, even on holiday

what is a disadvantage to the worker of self-employment

less job security, when theres no work there is no income

what are the two types of communication in a business

verbal

non-verbal / written

what are the 3 types of verbal communication

phone

meeting

presentation

what are the 5 types of written communication

letter

email

text

social media

website

what are 2 advantages of phone calls

good for discussing ideas and making arrangements

immediate if available to speak

what are 2 advantages of meetings

good way to exchange ideas and check understanding

minutes (written summary) provide a record for the meeting

what are 2 advantages of presentations

speaker has time to prepare what they have to say in advance

possible to ask questions to help understanding

what are 2 advantages of letters

provides a record of communication

senders can take time to ensure ideas are clearly expressed and the reader can read the message multiple times

what are 2 advantages of emails

very fast method

good for short messages and can add attatchments

what are 2 advantages of texts

very fast method of communication that can include a lot of people

reciever can save text to remember details

what are 2 advantages of social media

message can be sent to groups cheaply

pictures and videos can be added

what are 2 advantages of websites

saves money as no need to print or post things

customers can order online

what are 2 disadvantages of phone calls

no record of the discussion

can be difficult to get through to a call centre

what are 2 disadvantages of meetings

can be expensive to get people together

formal meeting so takes time to arrange

what are 2 disadvantages of presentations

may be a lot of listeners to difficult to check if they all understand

presentations take time to arrange and can be expensive

what are 2 disadvantages of letters

takes time to write send and deliver letters through the post

is the meaning of the message is unclear its difficult for the reciever to check

what are 2 disadvantages of emails

a person may not regularly check their emails

bulk emails are often ignored or lost in spam

what are 2 disadvantages of texts

only limited information can be given

not good for discussing ideas

what are 2 disadvantages of social media

somebody in the business needs to manage communications

not easy to judge if the message ahs been successful or not

what are 2 disadvantages of websites

customers can’t ask for additional explanation unless theres a chat feature

customers can’t view the actual goods

what are the 5 types of business communication

marketing communication

communication about finance

business operations communications

communications with governments

communications about human resources

what are 2 features of business operation communications

production teams need to know how many goods to make

discussing problems about quality

what are 3 examples of communications about finance

communicating with a bank to arrange a loan

sending out bills and recording payment

accounts department need information about sales and purchases to keep accurate accounts

what are 3 examples of marketing communication

research to find out what customers want

telling customers about the goods or services

sales team communicates with eachother about selling the product

what are 3 examples of communications about human resources

workers need to be recruited

workers need to be appraised

problems between workers need to be resolved

what are 2 examples of communcations with governments

finding out about government rules about safety and environmental regulations

business may ask governments for money or to change rules

what are 4 examples of digital communication in marketing

selling online

marketing on websites and social media

increased competition from e-commerce

new business opportunities

what are 3 examples of effects of digital communications on human resources

employees can work while mobile

recruitment websites make recruitment easier

digital communication increased productivity

what is an example of how digital communication affects operations

production has become highly automated and less workers are needed

what are 4 reasons a business recruits workers

to fill a skills gap

when a business grows

to start up a business

to replace employees

what are the 2 main documents used in recruitment

job description

person specification

what is a job description

a list of main duties tasks and responsibilities of a worker

what is a person specification

a list of the qualities qualifications and knowledge a person should have to do a particular job

what are 5 advantages of internal recruitment

cheaper to advertise internally

quicker than external recruitment

workers will already know managers so will be confident

no problems settling in as the worker knows the business

seeing colleagues being promoted will motivate workers

what are 5 advantages of external recruitment

can fill skills gap when theres nobody internally who can do the job

external people can bring new ideas

avoids workers being unhappy they weren’t chosen for promotion

necessary when the business is growing and more workers are needed

saves having to recruit a worker to replace a worker promoted internally

what are the 7 types of external recruitment media

websites

social media

local newsaper

national newspaper

specialist magazines

job centres

word of mouth

what are 5 examples of internal recruitment media

website

social media

word of mouth

email

noticeboard / company magazine

what is the difference between recruitment and selection

recruitment attracts a pool of potential employees while selection is choosing the best candidate from the pool

what are the 7 methods of selection

letter of application

cv

interview

group activities

references

tests and presentations

application form

what is a cv

a summary of the personal details qualifications and experience of the employee that the employee themselves makes

what is an interview good for

juging personality and communication skills

what is a group activity and what is it good for

applicants work together on a task

good for assessing teamwork skills

what is a reference

a statement from a previous employer to give information about an applicant

what are tests and presentations good for

testing specific abilities such as typing

presentations enables the applicant to show their ideas and ability to communicate

what are 2 advantages of application forms

busines can specify exactly what information they need

makes it easy to compare applicants

what is a letter of application and what is it good for

applicant explains why they think they are good for the job

shows how well the applicant is at putting information together

what are the 4 methods of financial motivation

pay

bonus

fringe benefits

profit sharing

what are bonuses

additional payment an employee recieves when a target is achieved

it motivates workers as the more they produce / sell the more they earn

what is a salary

an annual sum that gets paid to a worker in 12 monthly payments

it motivates workers as they get a regular payment

what is a wage

pay based on hours worked weekly. extra amounts can be paid for overtime or unsociable hours

it motivates workers as the more they work the more they are paid

what is a disadvantage of wages

it doesn’t reward the worker for how well they work, only how long