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Unit 5 @ Jannace - SEHS - ‘25 (P5)
Global supply chain
encompasses all elements of growing harvesting, processing, transporting, marketing, consuming and disposing of food for people
contract farming
arrangement between an independent farmer, and an agribusiness company to produce a crop
proprietary seeds
seeds that are developed and entirely owned by a company
export commodity
A cash crap that is produced for export to wealthier countries at the expense of crop production for local consumption
subsidies
guaranteed prices for staple food crops
famine
Extreme scarcity of food
dead zones
Sections of a body of water where there is very little aquatic life
deforestation
Cleaning and destruction of forest to clear land for agricultural use
desertification
The process by which once fertile land becomes desert as a result of climate variation or human activities
water control land reclamation
The process of draining land inundated with either freshwater or saltwater to increase areas for agricultural production
irrigated agriculture
Farming that relies on the controlled application of water to cultivated lands
water mining
The use of deep well drilling technology and powerful industrial pumping systems to remove water in the ground
aquifer
Underground water deposited hundreds of thousands of years ago
biofuel
a fuel derived from organic wastes or plant materials
biodiesel
Fuel made from vegetable oils
Sustainable agriculture
A commitment to satisfying human food and textile needs and to enhancing quality of life for farmers and society as a whole, now and in the future
Genetically Modified Organisms
A living organism, including crops and livestock that is produced through genetic engineering
aquaculture
the cultivation and harvesting of aquatic organisms under controlled conditions
mariculture
the farming of saltwater species
urban farming
the practice of growing fruits and vegetables on small private plots or shared communities gardens within the confines of a city
Community-supported agriculture
A direct to consumer marketing arrangement in which farmers are guaranteed buyers for their produce, guaranteed prices and consumers receive fresh food directly from the producers
Farmers market
A venue in which farmers sell their produce directly to consumers
Organic farming
The production of crops and livestock using ecological processes, natural biodiversity, and renewable resource resources rather than industrial practices and synthetic inputs
Conventional agriculture
Farming that depends on manufactured, synthetic inputs, GMO seeds, and other industrial practices
value-added specialty crops
A crop who’s physical state or form has been changed
fair trade
A certification program that supports good crop prices for farmers and environmentally sound farming practices
slow food
movement that resists fast food by preserving the cultural cuisine and the associated food and farming practices of an ecoregion
locavores
People who dedicate themselves to slow food diets, and to obtaining as much of their nutrition as possible from local farmers
food desert
Area with limited access to fresh nutritious food
food security
The situation in which all people at all times have physical and economic access to enough safe/nutritious food that meets their dietary needs and food preferences for an active/healthy lifestyle
food insecurity
Occurs when large numbers of people experience long periods of inadequate diets
division of labor
How a group divides the range of tasks within a social system
