APHUG Modules 40, 41, 42, 43 Vocabulary

Unit 5 @ Jannace - SEHS - ‘25 (P5)

Global supply chain

encompasses all elements of growing harvesting, processing, transporting, marketing, consuming and disposing of food for people

contract farming

arrangement between an independent farmer, and an agribusiness company to produce a crop

proprietary seeds

seeds that are developed and entirely owned by a company

export commodity

A cash crap that is produced for export to wealthier countries at the expense of crop production for local consumption

subsidies

guaranteed prices for staple food crops

famine

Extreme scarcity of food

dead zones

Sections of a body of water where there is very little aquatic life

deforestation

Cleaning and destruction of forest to clear land for agricultural use

desertification

The process by which once fertile land becomes desert as a result of climate variation or human activities

water control land reclamation

The process of draining land inundated with either freshwater or saltwater to increase areas for agricultural production

irrigated agriculture

Farming that relies on the controlled application of water to cultivated lands

water mining

The use of deep well drilling technology and powerful industrial pumping systems to remove water in the ground

aquifer

Underground water deposited hundreds of thousands of years ago

biofuel

a fuel derived from organic wastes or plant materials

biodiesel

Fuel made from vegetable oils

Sustainable agriculture

A commitment to satisfying human food and textile needs and to enhancing quality of life for farmers and society as a whole, now and in the future

Genetically Modified Organisms

A living organism, including crops and livestock that is produced through genetic engineering

aquaculture

the cultivation and harvesting of aquatic organisms under controlled conditions

mariculture

the farming of saltwater species

urban farming

the practice of growing fruits and vegetables on small private plots or shared communities gardens within the confines of a city

Community-supported agriculture

A direct to consumer marketing arrangement in which farmers are guaranteed buyers for their produce, guaranteed prices and consumers receive fresh food directly from the producers

Farmers market

A venue in which farmers sell their produce directly to consumers

Organic farming

The production of crops and livestock using ecological processes, natural biodiversity, and renewable resource resources rather than industrial practices and synthetic inputs

Conventional agriculture

Farming that depends on manufactured, synthetic inputs, GMO seeds, and other industrial practices

value-added specialty crops

A crop who’s physical state or form has been changed

fair trade

A certification program that supports good crop prices for farmers and environmentally sound farming practices

slow food

movement that resists fast food by preserving the cultural cuisine and the associated food and farming practices of an ecoregion

locavores

People who dedicate themselves to slow food diets, and to obtaining as much of their nutrition as possible from local farmers

food desert

Area with limited access to fresh nutritious food

food security

The situation in which all people at all times have physical and economic access to enough safe/nutritious food that meets their dietary needs and food preferences for an active/healthy lifestyle

food insecurity

Occurs when large numbers of people experience long periods of inadequate diets

division of labor

How a group divides the range of tasks within a social system