Exam 2 Muscles

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voluntary, striated, multinucleated

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165 Terms

1

voluntary, striated, multinucleated

characteristics of skeletal muscle

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2

involuntary, non-striated, mononucleated

characteristics of smooth muscle

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3

involuntary, striated, mononucleated (mostly)

characteristics of cardiac muscle

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4

skeletal, cardiac, smooth

types of muscle tissue

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5

skeletal muscle

40% of body weight

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6

smooth and cardiac

10% of body weight

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location, insertion/origin, shape, movement

how are skeletal muscles named

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8

myofilament, myofibrils, muscle fiber, muscle fascicle,

what are muscles made out of

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9

electrical conductivity

why do we need muscle insulators

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10

endomysium, perimysium, epimysium

name the muscle insulators from deep to superficial

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11

muscle fibers

endomysium wraps around

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12

muscle fascicles

perimysium wraps around

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13

muscle

epimysium wraps around

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14

sarcomere

the contractile unit of skeletal muscle is...

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15

myosin, actin, regulatory proteins

what is the sarcomere made of

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16

unipennate, bipennate, multipennate

types of pennate muscle

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17

deltoid

example of multipennate muscle

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18

biceps brachii

example of fusiform muscle

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19

extensor digitorum

example of unipennate muscle

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20

rectus femoris

example of bipennate muscle

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21

convergent, circular, multipennate, fusiform, bipennate, unipennate, parallel

types of muscle fiber arrangement

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22

pectoralis major

convergent muscle example

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23

orbicularis oris

circular muscle example

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extensor digitorum longus

parallel muscle example

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25

motor neuron, motor end plate, motor unit

a neuromuscular junction is made up of...

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26

frontalis

raises eyebrows, origin- galea aponeurotic, insertion- orbicularis oculi

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orbicularis oculi, antagonistic

closes eyelids, the levator palpebrea superiorious is ____________

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28

nasalis

flares nostrils, origin- maxilla, insertion- nasal bone

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29

zygomaticus major/minor

smile muscle, origin- zygomatic bone, insertion- corner of mouth

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30

bifid zygomaticus muscle

dimples are caused from

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31

orbicularis oris

kissing muscle, close moth, duck face muscle

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32

platysma

pulls down corners of lip, superficial over sternocleidomastoid, origin- clavicle-deltoid, insertion- lower lip

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sternocleidomastoid

head rotation and flexion, origin- sternum-clavicle, insertion- mastoid process on temporal bone

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34

mentalis

helps with pout, brings chin soft tissue superior

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masseter

mastication, origin- zygomatic, insertion- mandible

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buccinator

used to keep food between teeth and whistling

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temporalis

mastication, origin- temporal bone, insertion- mandible

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digastric

elevates hyoid bone, swallowing, origin-mandible and mastoid, insertion- hyoid bone

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thyrohyoid

depresses hyoid and elevates larynx

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omohyoid

depresses hyoid, origin- scapula, insertion- hyoid

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sternohyoid

depresses hyoid, swallowing/talking, origin- sternum, insertion-hyoid

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sternothyroid

depresses larynx, origin- sternum, insertion- thyroid cartilage on larynx

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43

trapezius

pulls scapula medial and retract, 3 directions, origin- occipital-thoracic spine, insertion- scapula

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deltoid

triangle shaped, origin- clavicle, scapula (acromion/spine), insertion- deltoid tuberosity on humerus

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45

pectoralis major

flexion, adduction, internal rotation of humerus (bringing arm towards body), origin- sternum, insertion- humerus

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46

latissimus dorsi

adduction of humerus, origin-thoracic-lumbar spine, insertion-humerus

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47

serratus anterior

moves scapula anterior, lift ribs, boxers muscle, origin- ribs 1-8, insertion- medial scapula border

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48

external oblique

pulls chest inferior, ipsilateral bending, contralateral rotation

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rectus abdominus

flexes trunk (forceful exhalation, defecation, parturition), origin- pubic symphysis, insertion- xiphoid process

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50

pectoralis minor

draws scapula superior with inferior edge posteriorly "winging", origin- ribs 3-5, insertion- scapula

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51

internal oblique

ipsilateral rotation and side bending, deep and runs perpendicular to external oblique

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52

transverse abdominis

compress ribs and viscera (corset muscle)

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53

splenius capitis

shaking head, origin- cervical vertebrae, insertion- occipital

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rhombodeus

adducts scapula, pulls toward vertebral column, origin- upper thoracic vertebrae, insertion- medial edge of scapula

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supraspinatus

abducts arm, origin- superior scapula spine, insertion-greater tubercle of humerus

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infraspinatus

external rotation of arm, stabilize shoulder joint, origin-inferior scapula spine, insertion- greater tubercle of humerus

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infraspinatus, supraspinatus, teres minor, subscapularis

what are the rotator cuff muscles

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levator scapulae

elevate scapula, origin- cervical vertebrae, insertion- medial, superior edge of scapula

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teres major

medial rotation of arm, origin- scapula, insertion-humerus,

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erector spinae

postural muscle, trunk rotation, extends from sacrum to skull

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biceps brachii

flex, supinate, origin- scapula, insertion- radial tuberosity

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brachialis

flex elbow joint, origin- humerus, insertion- ulna

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brachioradialis

flex elbow, supinate, pronate, origin- humerus, insertion- styloid process radius

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triceps brachii

extension of posterior upper arm, origin- humerus and scapula, insertion- olecranon process ulna

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triceps brachii

what muscle is antagonistic to biceps brachii

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66

flexor carpi radialis

flex, abduct hand, origin- medial epicondyle humerus, insertion- base metacarpal II

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palmaris longus

14% of people lack this muscle

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palmaris longus

wrist flexor, origin- medial epicondyle humerus, insertion- palmar aponeurosis

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flexor digitorum superficialis

flex fingers, origin- humerus, radius, ulna, insertion- base middle phalanx of fingers

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flexor carpi ulnaris

flex, adduct wrist, origin- medial epicondyle humerus, insertion- pisiform, hamate

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extensor carpi radialis longus

extend, abduct wrist, origin- humerus, insertion-metacarpal II

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extensor carpi radialis brevis

extend, abduct wrist, origin- humerus, insertion- base metacarpal III

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extensor digitorum

extend wrist, fingers, origin- lateral epicondyle humerus, insertion- middle, distal, phalanges 2-5

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extensor carpi ulnaris

extend, adduct wrist, origin- lateral epicondyle humerus, insertion- metacarpal V

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75

psoas major

hip flexor, origin- T12-L4, insertion- lesser trochanter

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pectineus

hip flexor, adduct, lateral rotation of leg, origin-pubic bone, insertion- femur

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adductor longus

adduct, flex hip, origin- pubic bone, insertion- linea aspera femur

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gracilis

flex, adduct, medial rotate hip, origin-ischiopubic ramus, insertion- tibia

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79

adductor magnus

adduction, flex, extend (hamstring portion) hip, origin- pubis, ischial tuberosity, insertion- linea aspera femur

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80

sartorius

what muscle is known as the tailor's muscle

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81

sartorius

flex, abduct, lateral rotate hip, flex knee, origin- iliac spine, insertion medial/proximal tibia

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82

vastus medialis

tear drop muscle, extend the knee, origin- medial femur, insertion- quadriceps tendon

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83

vastus intermedius

extend knee, deep to rectus femoris, origin- femur, insertion- quadriceps tendon

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vastus lateralis

extend knee, origin- greater trochanter femur, insertion- quadriceps tendon

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85

rectus femoris

knee extension, hip flex, origin- iliac spine, insertion- quadriceps tendon

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86

tensor fascia latae

hip flex, medial rotate, abduct, knee lateral rotation, torso stabilization, origin- iliac spine, insertion- iliotibial tract

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87

gluteus maximus

hip extension, origin- ilium, insertion- femur

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88

semimembranosus

hip extension, knee flexion, origin- ischial tuberosity, insertion- medial condyle tibia

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semitendinosus

flex knee, extend hip, origin- ischium, insertion- tibia

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90

biceps femoris

flex knee, lateral rotate, extend hip, origins- ischial tuberosity, linea aspera femur, insertion- fibula head

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91

antagonistic

the hamstrings are ___________ to the quadriceps

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92

piriformis

lateral rotation of upper leg, origin- sacrum, insertion- greater trochanter

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93

piriformis

what muscle is associated with sciatic nerve pain

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94

peroneus (fibularis) longus

plantarflexion, eversion, origin- proximal lateral fibula, insertion- metatarsal I

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95

tibialis anterior

dorsiflexion, inversion, origin-lateral tibia, insertion-metatarsal I

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extensor digitorum longus

toe extension, dorsiflexion, origin- tibia, fibula, insertion- middle and distal phalanges

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97

gastrocnemius

plantar flex, flex knee, origin- lateral medial condyles of femur, insertion- calcaneus

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98

soleus

plantar flexion, origin- fibula, tibia, insertion- calcaneus

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99

popliteus

unlocks knee, rotates knee, origin- lateral epicondyle femur, insertion- posterior proximal tibia

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100

flexor digitorum longus

digit flexion, origin- posterior tibia, insertion- distal phalanges plantar side

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