4. SOCIOLOGY OF TOURISM AND HOSPITALITY

SOCIOLOGY

It is the study of groups and group interactions, societies, and social interactions viewed from the micro level composed of individuals and small groups to macro analysis of trends between large groups and societies.

It is studying motivations and the influence of beliefs, perceptions, norms and rituals on decision-making.

TOURIST AND THEIR BEHAVIOR

Changing demographics, preferences and interest.

Company shifted from company-centric to one where travelers are now co-creators, co-producers, and co-evaluators.

THE RELATIONSHIP OF TOURISTS WITH THE LOCAL COMMUNITY

Locals may become antagonistic when scarce resources are being used to infrastructure development.

Staged of local traditions and rituals may resulted to loss of dignity and pride on the part of the community.

The influx of tourists can result exploitation, unsafe working environment and unregulated businesses.

STRUCTURE OF THE TOURISM SYSTEM

Created a need for alliances with competitors, stronger relationships with suppliers and the creation of a network of collaboration among sectors.

Collaborative commerce where ICTs facilitates the sharing of resources and creation of partnership.

Socio-Economic

SOCIO-ECONOMIC AND SOCIO-CULTURAL IMPACT OF TOURISM

Foreign exchange, income, employments, prices, distribution of benefits, ownership and control, development, and government revenues.

Socio-Cultural

SOCIO-ECONOMIC AND SOCIO-CULTURAL IMPACT OF TOURISM

Community involvement, nature of interpersonal relations, bases of social organization, the rhythm of social life, migration, division of labor, stratification, distribution of power, deviance, customs and the arts.

• Allocentrics

• Mid-centrics

• Psychocentrics

TYPOLOGY BASED ON TOURIST PERSONALITY AND INTERESTS

ALLOCENTRICS

TYPOLOGY BASED ON TOURIST PERSONALITY AND INTERESTS

Adventure-seekers interested in new travel experiences. Prefer to immerse themselves in unique cultural encounters.

MID-CENTRICS

TYPOLOGY BASED ON TOURIST PERSONALITY AND INTERESTS

Willing to experience new travel experiences within their comfort zone.

PSYCHOCENTRICS

TYPOLOGY BASED ON TOURIST PERSONALITY AND INTERESTS

Conservative, inhibitive and unadventurous.

• Organized Mass Tourists

• Individual Mass Tourists

• Explorers

• Drifter

TYPOLOGY BASED ON FAMILIAR VS NEW ENVIRONMENT

Organized Mass Tourists

TYPOLOGY BASED ON FAMILIAR VS NEW ENVIRONMENT

Choose package tours with fixed itineraries.

Individual Mass Tourists

TYPOLOGY BASED ON FAMILIAR VS NEW ENVIRONMENT

They want to have some control over the itinerary and time allocation.

Explorers

TYPOLOGY BASED ON FAMILIAR VS NEW ENVIRONMENT

Interested in new experiences but insist comfort and security.

Drifter

TYPOLOGY BASED ON FAMILIAR VS NEW ENVIRONMENT

Prefer authentic experiences.

Hodophobia

Fear of traveling

Aerophobia

Fear of being in an airplane

Vehophobia

Fear of driving

Amaxophobia

Fear of riding in a car

Thalassophobia

Fear of sea travel

Siderodromophobia

Fear of trains

Escalaphobia

Fear of escalators

Claustrophobia

Fear of enclosed spaces