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What are the three laws of dynamic equilibrium?
forward and reverse reactions have equal rates
concentrations of reactants and products are constant
equilibrium requires a closed system
What is the equation for Kc (equilibrium constant)?
Kc = products/reactants
What does it mean when Kc>1?
more products
What does it mean when Kc<1?
more reactants
What happens to Kc and equilibrium position when you increase the temperature of an exothermic forward reaction + why?
Kc decrease + equilibrium shifts left because equilibrium favours the endothermic reaction.
What happens to Kc and equilibrium position when you increase the temperature of an endothermic forward reaction + why?
Kc increases + equilibrium shifts right because equilibrium favours the endothermic reaction.
How do you find the value of the reverse reaction?
1/Kc
What is the equation for reaction quoitent?
Q = products/reactants
What does it mean when Q<Kc?
forward reaction is favoured
What does it mean when Q>Kc?
reverse reaction is favoured
What does it mean when Q=Kc?
reaction is at equilibrium
What happens to equilibrium position when the concentration of reactants increases + why?
shifts right because the side with less particles are favoured
What happens to equilibrium when concentration of product increases + why?
shifts left because the side with less particles are favoured
What happens to equilibrium when pressure increases + why?
shifts to the side with the least number of molecules.
Change in pressure only affects molecules in what state?
gas
How to know the number of molecules on each side of the equation?
add up the coefficients
What happens to equilibrium position when you add a catalyst?
nothing happens
What does adding a catalyst do to the reaction?
lowers activation energy
increase rate of change for both the forward and reverse reactions equally
What is the only factor that affects the value of Kc?
temperature
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