Viscosity and Density of Liquids

These flashcards cover key concepts related to the viscosity and density of liquids, including definitions, effects of temperature, and properties of fluids.

What does viscosity refer to in liquids?

Viscosity is a liquid's internal resistance or friction that keeps it from flowing.

How does temperature affect the viscosity of a liquid?

When temperature increases, viscosity decreases; when temperature decreases, viscosity increases.

What happens to a fluid with low viscosity?

A fluid with low viscosity flows quickly and has little internal resistance or friction.

What is the particle model of matter's explanation for viscosity changes?

The particle model shows that as temperature increases, particles slide and roll more rapidly, decreasing viscosity.

What happens to liquid viscosity when temperature decreases?

When temperature decreases, particles slow down, resulting in increased viscosity.

Define density.

Density is the amount of matter in a given volume.

How is density calculated?

Density is calculated by dividing mass by volume.

What are the units for measuring density?

The units for density are grams per milliliter (g/ml) for liquids and grams per cubic centimeter (g/cm³) for solids.

How does temperature affect the density of a substance?

As temperature increases, particles gain energy, spaces between them increase, and density decreases.

What occurs to density when a substance is cooled?

When a substance is cooled, the spaces between the particles decrease, resulting in increased density.

What role does concentration play in density?

Density depends on the number and kind of particles in a given volume.

What does an increase in temperature do to particle spacing?

An increase in temperature causes more space between particles, leading to lower density.

What effect does a decrease in temperature have on particle spacing?

A decrease in temperature results in less space between particles, leading to higher density.

Describe high viscosity fluids.

High viscosity fluids flow slowly and have a greater amount of internal resistance or friction.

Explain how heating affects the density of a liquid.

Heating a liquid decreases its density because the particles spread out more as they gain energy.