Soil Solids

Chapter 7

What is the rough estimate percent of pore space?

50%

What is the rough estimate percent of soil solids?

50%

What are the 4 make ups of soil?

Water, Air, Organic material, and Mineral component

It is mostly made up of what and what?

Soil is mostly made up of inorganic material and organic material

Term: pH

Number of Hydrogen ions

Term: Redox Status

How “willing” are soil chemicals to donate or receive an electron

Term :Electrical Conductivity

How easy can an electron flow through the soil

More surface area equals more what?

More chemical reactions

Which of these soil types have the most surface area Sand, Silt, and Clay?

Most to Least

Clay

Silt

Sand

What is Absorption?

Adhesion to the surface

1 aluminum or magnesium can connect to how many what?

8 Oxygens

Adjacent octahedra are connected by what?

Oxygen

1. What are the 3 main properties in Crystalline Silicate Clays?

Crystalline structure, Layered structure, Silicate composition

What do they all contain?

All contain silicate tetrahedra

1. It is arranged like a stack of what?

Like a stack of paper

What is Isomorphous Substitution?

Involves replacing one cation with another of a different charge in phyllosilicates, like Al3+ for Si4+

What does it create for the soil?

This creates a permanent negative charge increasing the capacity of nutrients

What are the 3 things negative charges/soil surface influenced by?

Clay, pH, and organic matter

What does pH indicate and how does it impact the soil?

pH indicates the concentration of H+.It impacts nutrient availability, micro-organism activity, and organic matter charges.

pH is dependent on binding to what?

Oxygen

Term: CEC

Base Cations + Acid Cations that attaches to the soil and it influences the nutrients within the soil particle.

Term: Base

Removes H+

Term: Acid

Add H+