chapter 13 clinical

What defines personality disorders?

Long-standing patterns of thoughts and behaviors that deviate from cultural norms, causing distress and impaired functioning.

How are personality disorders classified?

Into three clusters based on shared characteristics.

What characterizes Paranoid Personality Disorder?

Pervasive distrust and suspicion of others, leading to social isolation.

What treatment is suggested for Paranoid Personality Disorder?

Limited effectiveness of therapy; some benefit from CBT.

What is a key trait of Schizoid Personality Disorder?

Preference for solitude and lack of emotional expression.

How effective is therapy for Schizoid Personality Disorder?

Limited progress; CBT can help improve social interactions.

What are the characteristics of Schizotypal Personality Disorder?

Unusual thoughts, eccentric behavior, and discomfort in social relationships.

What is the focus of treatment for Schizotypal Personality Disorder?

Improving social skills and cognitive distortions; medications may help.

What defines Antisocial Personality Disorder?

Patterns of manipulation and violation of others' rights, often associated with criminal behavior.

What are common traits of Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD)?

Emotional instability, impulsive behaviors, and turbulent relationships.

Which therapy is effective for reducing self-harm in BPD?

Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT).

What defines Histrionic Personality Disorder?

Excessive emotionality and attention-seeking behavior.

What treatment helps individuals with Histrionic Personality Disorder?

CBT to develop coping strategies and increase self-reliance.

What characterizes Narcissistic Personality Disorder?

A pattern of grandiosity, need for admiration, and lack of empathy.

What challenge do therapists face when treating Narcissistic Personality Disorder?

The tendency of patients to dismiss weaknesses.

What is a key trait of Avoidant Personality Disorder?

Social inhibition and feelings of inadequacy.

What therapeutic approach is suggested for Avoidant Personality Disorder?

CBT aimed at improving social skills and addressing fears of criticism.

What are the traits of Dependent Personality Disorder?

Excessive need for care, submissiveness, and clinging behaviors.

How can therapy help individuals with Obsessive-Compulsive Personality Disorder (OCPD)?

Psychodynamic therapy and CBT can help recognize and adjust inflexibility.

What diagnostic considerations are important for personality disorders?

Diagnosis should not be made until after age 18, as traits can develop and change.

What is the emerging perspective in the diagnosis of personality disorders?

A dimensional approach to personality traits impacting functioning.