US Revolution-US History 1

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St. Augustine, Florida

Oldest permanent settlement in the U.S. established by Spanish explorers

Jamestown, Virginia

Oldest permanent British settlement, searching for gold and thus faced disease and starvation

Plymouth Colony

Massachusetts

Virginia Company

Joint stock company—>pooled capital and shared risk

Virginia House of Burgesses

assembly of representatives elected by the colonists(1st form of government)

Mayflower Compact

establishes government, signed by Pilgrims

Mercantilism

system of trade where the mother country wealth is accumulated by exporting more than importing

Magna Carta

Due process, trial by jury, king is not above the law

English Bill of Rights

Constitutional monarchy, freedom of speech, etc.

Salutary Neglect

Britain avoided strict enforcement of laws until The Navigation Acts

The Navigation Acts

1. No trading with other countries and must be in English vessels

2. Certains products can only be sent to England

3. European goods must pass thru British customs ports 

French and Indian War(7 Years War)

France & Native Americans vs. The British & the colonists

• Both sides wanted control of the Ohio River Valley for its rich fur trade and connection to the Mississippi River

• British wins and gains Canada

• French territory west of the Mississippi goes to Spain

Albany Conference

Ben Franklin proposes the Albany Plan of Union—> form a federal government

• Rejected because they believed it went against Parliament

Pontiac’s Rebellion

Indians of the Ohio River Valley and Great Lakes rebel against British

Proclamation of 1763

forbids colonists to move west of the Appalachian Mountains

• because Natives started attacking settlers and the King wanted to avoid another war

Sugar & Currency Act

George Greenville, lowered tariffs on French Molasses

• seizure of goods w/out due process

• raised tax rates on imports of raw sugar, silk, wine, coffee, pimento, and indigo

Stamp Act

tax on all printed materials and a direct tax meant for revenue rather than trade regulation

Virginia Resolves

Virginians are British citizens, self taxation, VA assembly alone has the power to tax VA citizens

Sons of Liberty

Sam Adams and John Hancock

• intimidated british tax collectors

• boycotts

Declatory Act

same day as the repealment of the Stamp Act but affirms Parliament’s right to tax the colonies

The Townshend Duties

new taxes on imports(glass, paper, tea)

funds to help pay the Royal Gov. salary, amount previously determined by colonial assemblies

violators were tried without juries

Writs of Assistance

a search warrant that allowed customs officers to enter anywhere anytime

Daughters of Liberty

allowed women to express affiliation with colonial protest via boycotts

• women get political

• imports fall by 40%

Boston Massacre

Crispus Attucks is the 1st casualty of the revolution, this was used as propaganda to spread anti-british sentiment

british repeal the townshend acts besides the one on tea

The Gaspee Affair

British ship runs aground, colonists seize the ship and burn it

Result of the Gaspee Affair

Suspects get sent to GB for trials

TJ and Sam adams form committee of correspondence to help communicate, specifically women and children, politicized ordinary people

Tea Act

lowers prices of British tea to fight against cheaper smuggled tea, colonists refuse to buy it

Boston Tea party

300-400 chests of tea dumped into the harbor

Intolerable acts

Impartial administration of justice act-british officials accused of crimes tried in britain

Boston port act-closes the port of boston

quartering act-u must house soldiers

quebec act-allowed for the continuation of French civil law and gives them claim to disputed land

massachusetts government act-no town meetings, all council members and judges appointed by the royal governor

First Continental Congress

Delegates from every colony except Georgia to discuss response to the Intolerable Acts

ACTED AS A POLITICAL BODY W/OUT ANY CONSTITUTIONAL AUTHORITY OR CONSENT

Radicals vs Conservatives

Radicals:

• denunciation of Parliamentary control

• Patrick Henry(VA) and John Adams(Mass)

Conservatives:

• Mild statement of protest(2nd parliament)

• John Jay(NY) and Joseph Galloway(Penn)

Actions of the 1st Continental Congress

• urges to repeal the intolerable acts

• petition to king to restore colonial rights; recognized Parliament’s authority to regulate trade(negotiation)

• committees in every town to enforce economic sanctions

Result of the 1st continental congress

Crown dismissed petition and declares Massachusetts in a state of rebellion, ordering more troops over

Lexington and Concord

Colonists are stockpiling arms and Brit. troops raid ammunition storage at Concord, Paul Revere rides to warn the colonists at Lexington

• shot heard around the world

2nd Continental Congress

Raise an army, try for reconciliation

• most delegates are not ready to break with Britain

• TREASON

  • create the Continental Army, headed by George Washington(currency issue to pay for army

Bunker Hill

Expensive British victory, Americans defend 2 uphill assaults and run out of ammo on the 3rd

Olive Branch Petition

effort at peace with the king by the 2nd cont. cong.

affirms loyalty to the crown and blames Parliament

is rejected and called traitors

Common Sense

Thomas Paine, enlightenment philosophy and divine right theory

Major Events in order

1607-Jamestown and VA HOB

1620-Mayflower Compact

Navigation Acts

1754-63-French and Indian War

1763-Proclamation Line

1764-Sugar Act

1765-Stamp Act

1765-Sons and Daughters of Liberty

1767-Townshend Duties

1770-Boston Massacre

1773-Boston Tea Party

1774-Intolerable Acts

1774-1st Continental Congress

1775-Lexington and Concord

1775 Second Continental Congress

1775-Bunker Hill

1776-Common Sense 

1776-Declaration of Independence