Sacraments - Ch. 1 - Baptism

Greek word that means "to plunge, immerse, or dip", from the Hebrew word "tabal"

Baptizein

Sprinkling of the blood of a sacrificed animal or water to purify a person or object - sacred rites of ancient Israel

Tabal

An event, object, person, or place in the Old Testament points to a greater reality in the New Testament

Prefigurement

Jesus institutes baptism - "All power in heaven and earth has been given to me. Go, therefore, and make disciples of all nations, baptizing them in the name of the Father and of the Son and the Holy Spirit. And behold, I am with you always, even unto the end of the age."

Matthew 28:18-20

Lack of sanctifying grace (a share in the inner life of the Trinity) - inherited from our first parents and remedied by baptism

Original Sin

Actions that are a failure to love that a person chooses through his own free will

Personal/ Actual Sin

Tendency to sin that can lead to enslavement to the pleasure of the senses, the covetousness of earthly goods, and self-assertion

Concupiscence

Personal holiness, worship, correct moral attitude - correspond to the three relationships that we are called to make right

Divine Calls

Matter of Baptism

Water

Form of Baptism

"I baptize you in the name of the Father, and of the Son, and of the Holy Spirit."

Minister of Baptism

deacon or higher

Old Testament ritual that brought 8 day old boys into the covenant - replaced by baptism in the New Testament

Circumcision

The home (family) is the primary place where children are called to discipleship, and taught the faith through the word and example

Domestic Church

Supernatural gifts infused in the soul in baptism - faith, hope, and charity (love)

Theological Virtues

Adoption as sons and daughters of God, given through baptism

Divine Filiation

Oath taken by Roman soldiers, where they are given a new mission, and new identity

Sacramentum

An indelible mark on the soul from three sacraments that can only be received once - baptism, confirmation, and holy orders

Sacramental Character

The active love of God, given through the sacraments (share in the inner life of the Trinity) - allows a person to live a supernatural life - lost through mortal sin - makes it easier to respond to actual graces

Sanctifying grace

A person studying to enter the Church, typically in an RCIA class (Rite of Christian Initiation for Adults)

Catechumen

Sacramental baptism - normative, commanded by Jesus, and linked to salvation

Baptism of Water

A person with perfect charity and perfect contrition can be saved if they had explicitly expressed a desire for baptism or if they would have wanted baptism had they known its necessity (implicit)

Baptism of Desire

A person who is not sacramentally baptized, but dies for Christ as a martyr, with perfect charity, can be said to have received this

Baptism of Blood

The Church may perform a baptism of a person entering the Church if the person isn't sure if the baptism they received in another Christian tradition was valid - only one will be valid

Conditional Baptism

Term for baptism - the child receives the gift of eternal life - a share in the inner life of the Trinity

Grace

Term for baptism - the old person dies to sin, the new person is raised in Christ

Washing of Regeneration

Term for baptism - Christ promised to send the Spirit to the Church to guide her into all truth

Renewal by the Holy Spirit

Term for baptism - God's sons and daughters are meant to be the light to the world

Enlightenment

Term for baptism - God's grace can't be earned

Gift

Term for baptism - the person is given the role of priest, prophet, and king

Anointing

Term for baptism - symbolizes that the baptized "puts on Christ" - is purified

Clothing

Term for baptism - referring to cleansing from original and actual sin

Bath

Term for baptism - a person now has an indelible mark and belongs to Christ

Seal

Typically at the entrance of the church or close to the altar - traditionally has 8 sides to symbolize the person's entrance into eternity

Baptismal Font

Candle dedicated on the Easter Vigil - represents the light of Christ - baptismal candles are lit from this - close to the baptismal font

Paschal Candle

Chamber in the Church that holds the oils used in the sacraments (Sacred Chrism, Oil of Catechumens, Oil of the Infirmed)

Ambry

During baptism, a child is anointed with this on the chest in the shape of the cross so that he/ she will be strengthened and given courage to live the faith + be freed from the power of evil

Oil of Catechumens

During baptism, the child is anointed with this on his/ her forehead and given the roles of priest, prophet, and king - also used in confirmation and holy orders

Sacred Chrism

Sacred oil used to anoint an infirmed person during the Anointing of the Sick

Oil of the Sick (Infirmed)

Shows that grace is a pure gift, the faith is communal, and is passed on from generation to generation

Infant Baptism

Prayer said over the mouth an ears of the baptized child - that he/ she will hear God's word and speak His praises - from the Aramaic "be opened"

Ephphatha

Hebrew for spirit, breath, or wind

Ruah/ Ruach

His baptisms were symbols of people's desire to repent of their sins, but were not sacramental - he said that he baptized with water, but Jesus would baptize with fire and the Holy Spirit

John the Baptist

Virtue of Baptism - acted on by the parents and godparents, or by the person if he/ she is above the age of reason

Faith

In John 3:1-9, when Jesus was with Nicodemus, what does he reveals about baptism?

it is to become a sacrament in which one is born anew, rid of original sin, and receives sanctifying grace

What did Jesus say was necessary for salvation?

Baptism

How does baptism conform us to Christ?

the new life after the water is poured over us represents Jesus’ death and resurrection

What effect does original sin have on our lives?

not living in friendship with God

What are the three sacraments of initiation?

baptism, eucharist, confirmation

In the case of an emergency, who can perform baptism?

anyone who intends what's the Church intends

What OT covenantal ritual does baptism replace?

circumcision

For what reason does the church regularly baptize infants, instead of waiting until later?

to get rid of Original Sin

What are all the effects of the sacrament of baptism?

all sin washed away

divine filiation

gain holy spirit

theological virtues

become member of common priesthood

given roles of P, P, K

given sanctifying grace

member of mystical body of christ

sacramental character

What does the Church teach about a child who has died below the age of reason, but hasn’t been baptized?

entrusted to God’s mercy

How does baptism parallel a bodily need?

generation of new life

How does baptism fulfill a supernatural need?

absence of spiritual life

What virtue corresponds with baptism?

faith

In the baptismal ceremony, what is the significance of the new name?

new life

In the baptismal ceremony, what is the significance of the sign of the cross?

priest, prophet, and king roles

In the baptismal ceremony, what is the significance of the candle?

light of Christ

In the baptismal ceremony, what is the significance of the baptismal garment

purity

In the baptismal ceremony, what is the significance of the shell?

pilgrimage